Fitzherbert, Maria Anne, 1756-1837; George IV, King of Great Britain, 1762-1830
In consequence of this attack, Lee says that 'The town of
_Brighthelmston_, thus harassed by frequent alarm, and the desultory
attacks of an active enemy, resolved to erect fortifications, which
might afford them some protection in future. Accordingly, at a Court
Baron held for the manor of Brighthelmstone-Lewes, on the 27th of
September, 1558, the Lords of the manor granted to the inhabitants of
the town, a parcel of land on the cliff between Blacklyon street and
Ship street, and about two hundred and sixteen yards westward from the
lower end of East street, thirteen feet in length and sixteen feet
in breadth, to build thereon a storehouse for armour and ammunition,
afterwards called the _Blockhouse_. This parcel, however, was only part
of the site of that building; for, at a Court Baron held for the Manor
of _Atlyngworth_, on the 3rd day of January 1613, the homage presented
that the north side of the said building stood on the demesne lands of
that manor. The _Blockhouse_, the walls of which were about eight feet
in thickness, and eighteen feet in height, was circular, and measured
50 feet in diameter. Several arched apartments in its thick walls were
repositories for the powder and other ammunition for the defence of the
town. In front of it, towards the sea, was a little battery called the
_Gun Garden_, on which were mounted four pieces of large iron ordnance.
Adjoining the _Blockhouse_, on the east, stood the _Townhouse_, with a
dungeon under it for the confinement of malefactors. From the summit of
this building rose a turret, on which the town clock was fixed.
'At the same time, with the _Blockhouse_, were erected four Gates
of freestone (three of which were arched) leading from the Cliff to
that part of the town which lay under it; _viz._ the _East-gate_ at
the lower end of _East-street_; the _Portal_, vulgarly miscalled
the _Porter's-gate_, which was less than any of the others, and
stood next the _East-gate_; the _Middle-gate_, opposite the end of
_Middle-street_, commonly called the _Gate of all nations_; and
the _West-gate_, which stood at the end of _West-street_. From the
_East-gate_, westward, there was, at the same time, a wall built about
fifteen feet high, and four hundred feet long, where the _Cliff_ was
most easy of ascent: and, from the termination of that wall, a parapet,
three feet high, was continued on the verge of the _Cliff_ to the
_West-gate_, with embrasures for cannon. The _Blockhouse_ was built
at the expense of the mariners of the town; but the gates and walls
seem to have been erected partly, if not wholly, at the expense of
Government.
'The upland part of the town, thus effectually secured on the south,
might also, in case of any emergency, be rendered pretty secure on
its three other sides, by cutting trenches at the ends of the streets
which led into the town; or barring the enemy's entrance with lumber
carriages and household furniture, while the inhabitants annoyed them
from every quarter.'
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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