The potato plant, for instance, stores a large quantity of starch in the
potatoes underground. A potato is nearly all starch, and the sweet
potato stores up sugar as well as starch in its underground parts.
The potatoes have a reason for this, and, if let alone, would use up the
starch and sugar another season; but we do not let them alone, as you
know. We too need starch, and so we dig up the potatoes and eat them
instead of leaving them for the plant.
A great many plants store up starch in their seeds that the young plant
may have food enough to start growing. All our grains do this. Wheat,
rye, oats, barley, rice, corn, and all other grains are only the seeds
of plants which have been stored full of starch. Peas and beans are also
starch-filled seeds. Cabbages store food made from starch in their big
thick leaves. Beets store sugar and other starch-food materials in their
thick roots; so do carrots and parsnips and turnips. Onions store it in
their bulb leaves underground.
[Illustration: [Leaves]]
You begin to see now how important starch is to our lives. Nearly all
the vegetables and grains and fruits we eat are composed almost entirely
of starch or the materials of starch. Even meat is made from starch, for
what do the animals we kill for meat live on?
Why, plants of course, and chiefly the starch they find in plants.
So now we are just where we started,—we see we really do owe our lives
to starch, and we owe starch to chlorophyll, so of course, we owe our
lives to chlorophyll. I wonder if we shall think of this next time we
look at the green leaves everywhere in the fields and woods.
I wonder if these green leaves will not look more beautiful than ever
when we think of the work they are doing.
ROOT CELLS.
Roots do their work underground as a rule.
[Illustration: [Roots]]
You might prefer not to be a root, if you had your choice; you might
prefer to be a leaf or a flower.
I have never heard that the roots complained of their work, however. For
one thing, it is easier. All they have to do is to hold the plant fast,
suck up juices from the earth, and in some cases store away food
material,—that is, if they are regular, well-behaved, everyday,
underground roots.
Sometimes, however, roots come out of the ground and do all sorts of
things,—cling to walls and hang in the air and perform in other
unroot-like ways; but these are not what we are talking about. We are
talking of roots, such as those of the morning-glory and nasturtium and
geranium, which stay underground and behave themselves.
Since it is dark where they live, they have no chlorophyll grains, and
do not have to make starch. They merely use up the starch that comes to
them from above.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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