Flowers of the SkyProctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
Flowers of the Sky
Proctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Astronomy
This introduces another point which seems worth noticing. At present the
ship Argo is never seen from any part of the earth's surface as pictured
in fig. 39. When due south, the position whence in all northern
latitudes the constellation is most favourably seen, the ship is always
tilted up at the stern: one would say, in more nautical phrase, she is
down by the head, if the ship had any fore-part; but from time
immemorial she has been a half-ship only. Some 4,000 years ago, however,
Argo stood nearly on an even keel when due south. Again, it is to the
mighty gyrational motion of the earth that we have to look for the cause
of the great change in the apparent position of the ship. The sphere of
the fixed stars has remained all the time unchanged, or very nearly so,
but the direction in which the earth's axis of rotation points has
swayed round (much as the axis of a reeling top sways round) through
about one-sixth part of a complete gyration.
In the regions where astronomy first began as a science, Argo not only
stood on an even keel but almost on the horizon when due south; and the
features of resemblance to a ship, which I have endeavoured to portray
in fig. 39, must have seemed much more striking there (and then) than
now.
The fore-part of the ship, or rather that region of the heavens where
the fore-part should be, is occupied by great masses of the Milky Way in
one of its brightest and most remarkable portions. I have sometimes
fancied that in some of the old Zodiac temples of star-worshippers the
constellation Argo was depicted as a mighty ship, gemmed with stars, and
heavily laden in its fore-part with great masses of gilded cloud to
represent the Milky Way, and that from such representations of the
constellation came the tradition of the ship Argo and its cargo of
golden fleece. Many parts of the story of Jason and his companions seem
to relate to objects depicted in the old constellation-domes,--as those
relating to the Dragon, to Hercules, Castor and Pollux, the Centaur,
etc. There is also a curious reference, in the tradition, to the stern
of the ship, which is much like what we can imagine as resulting from an
attempt to explain the appearance of this part only, in the set of
constellation figures. We read that the entrance to the Euxine Sea was
fabled to be closed up by certain rocks called Symplegades (the
Clashers), which floated on the water, and when anything attempted to
pass through came together with such velocity that not even birds could
escape. Phineas advised them to let a bird fly through, and if the bird
passed safely, to venture the passage. It passed with only the loss of
its tail; and the Argo, favoured by Juno, and impelled by the utmost
efforts of its heroic crew, passed also, though so narrowly that the
meeting rocks carried away part of her stern-works, which remained fixed
there thenceforward.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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