This is one of the first flowers you will see in springtime. It covers
the ground in patches in every wood, and you will find it too under the
hedges and on banks by the roadside.
The flower has eight long narrow petals, which are much narrower and
more pointed than those of the Buttercup.
When the Celandine is still in bud the outside of these petals is
beautifully streaked with purple. But when the flower opens in the
sunshine, the petals are a bright yellow colour, and are as glossy as if
they were wet.
In the centre of the flower there is a ring of yellow stamens with a
cluster of green seed-vessels amongst them.
Behind the coloured petals are three narrow pointed sepals. These
protect the flower when it is in bud.
The green leaves of the Celandine are dark and glossy, with wavy edges,
and each leaf has a stalk of its own.
If you look carefully at one of these leaves you will see that the stalk
is flattened at the foot. This helps it to clasp the main stem more
easily.
The root is divided into five or six hard little brown fingers. These
brown fingers are called tubers, and each tuber, if planted separately,
will produce a new plant.
2. BULBOUS BUTTERCUP
In spring the Bulbous Buttercup is found everywhere, filling the meadows
with its sunshiny flowers.
Each flower has five glossy yellow petals which do not lie flat open as
in the Celandine, but form a cup, a yellow cup or Buttercup.
At the base of each petal you find a small honey pouch, which the bees
love to visit.
When the flower is still in bud, the yellow petals are almost covered by
five pale-green hairy sepals. You can see only the yellow tips peeping
out. But when the flower opens, these hairy green sepals fold back close
round the stalk.
In the centre of the flower is a thick cluster of yellow-headed stamens
with a knot of green seed-vessels in the middle.
The stalk on which the flower grows is slightly hairy, and has a narrow
groove on one side.
The root is shaped like a small turnip, and has a great many white
threads growing out of it.
The leaves of this Buttercup are dark green, with soft hairs all over
them. They are shaped very irregularly, and are deeply cut up all round
the edges.
3. MEADOW BUTTERCUP
The Meadow Buttercup is abundant all over the country. It grows beside
the Daisy in every field and hedge-bank.
In this Buttercup the flower has five bright glossy yellow petals, which
open out flat and are not cup-shaped as in the Bulbous Buttercup.
There is a hard green knot of seed-vessels in the centre of the flower,
with a ring of yellow stamens all round it. When the yellow stamens and
petals fall off, this bunch of seed-vessels grows bigger and bigger,
until it looks like a small green raspberry.
Outside the yellow petals are five pale-green sepals. These remain close
behind the yellow flower and do not fold back against the stalk as in
the Bulbous Buttercup.
The flower-stalk is slightly hairy, but it is not grooved.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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