| | | „ „ 80 per cent. | | | glucose syrup| × 34 | 15·2 | 492 -----------------------------------------+---------+------------------ The tabulation on p. 127 exhibits the results obtained by the application of the foregoing tests to adulterated honey.[68] The detection of paraffine in honeycomb is easily accomplished. Genuine bees’-wax fuses at 64°, paraffine usually at a lower temperature. The latter is not affected by treatment with concentrated sulphuric acid, whereas bees’-wax is dissolved by the strong acid, and undergoes carbonisation upon the application of heat. The amount of potassium hydroxide required for the saponification of one gramme of bees’-wax, as applied in Koettstorfer’s method for butter analysis (p. 71), widely differs from the quantities consumed by Japanese wax and paraffine. Mr. Edward W. Martin has obtained the following figures:-- Milligrammes K (O H) required to saponify one gramme. Bees’-wax 7·0 Japanese wax 212·95 Paraffine none 18 out of 37 samples of strained and comb honey, examined in 1885 by the Mass. State Board of Health, were adulterated with glucose and ordinary syrup. FOOTNOTES: [60] ‘Comptes Rendus,’ xxviii. p. 775. [61] ‘Analyst,’ iii. p. 269. [62] Zeits. Anal. Chem., xxiv. p. 135. [63] Journ. de Pharm. et de Chem., 1884, p. 459. [64] Pharm. Centralb. 1885, pp. 303, 327. [65] ‘Chemiker Zeitung,’ viii., p. 613. [66] ‘Analyst,’ x., p. 217. [67] Zeitsch. d. Vereins. f. d. Rübenzucker Ind., p. 837. [68] ‘Jahresberichte,’ 1884, p. 1051. CONFECTIONERY. Pure white candy should consist entirely of cane sugar with its water of crystallisation, but most of the article commonly met with contains a large proportion of glucose, and in many cases it is wholly composed of this compound (see p. 109). Starch and terra alba (_i. e._ gypsum or kaolin), are the other adulterants sometimes employed to fraudulently increase the bulk and weight of candy.