Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States — John Shaqi
Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United StatesBeal, F. E. L. (Foster Ellenborough Lascelles)
Science
Food Habits of the Thrushes of the United States
Beal, F. E. L. (Foster Ellenborough Lascelles)
Birds; Thrushes -- Food
Hemiptera (bugs) were found to the extent of 3.51 per cent of the
total food. All were contained in three stomachs taken in March, June,
and July. In the July stomach four cicadas, or dog-day flies,
constituted the whole contents. Grasshoppers amount to less than 1 per
cent and all other insects to but a trifle. Spiders were eaten to the
extent of 2.94 per cent of the food and were found in the stomachs
taken in seven of the twelve months, and judging from their
distribution they are eaten whenever available. A hair snake
(_Gordius_) was found in one stomach. Following is a list of insects
identified and the number of stomachs in which found:
COLEOPTERA.
_Amara erratica_ 1
_Aphodius_ sp 1
_Balaninus_ sp 1
HEMIPTERA.
_Platypedia putnami_ 1
_Vegetable food._--The vegetable portion of the food of _Myadestes_ is
64.10 per cent of the whole, and 58.70 per cent of this, or more than
half the whole food, is classified as wild fruit or berries. These
were found in stomachs collected in every month. From the even
distribution of this food through the year and from the quantity eaten
it is evidently a favorite article of diet. Nothing was found in any
of the stomachs that could be identified as cultivated fruit, with the
possible exception of a mass of fruit pulp found in one. A few seeds
of poison ivy and sumac, with fragments of flowers and a few weed
seeds, complete the vegetable food. Following is a list of fruits,
seeds, etc., identified, and the number of stomachs in which found:
Rocky Mountain cedar (_Juniperus scopulorum_) 3
Western cedar (_Juniperus monospermum_) 1
Other cedars (_Juniperus_ sp.) 2
Hackberries (_Celtis occidentalis_) 1
Douglas hackberries (_Celtis douglasii_) 1
Service berries (_Amelanchier_ sp.) 1
Rose haws (_Rosa_ sp.) 2
Wild cherries (_Prunus_ sp.) 1
Sumac berries (_Rhus_ sp.) 1
Poison ivy (_Rhus toxicodendron_) 1
Waxwork (_Celastrus_ sp.) 1
Madrona berries (_Arbutus menziesii_) 5
Honeysuckle berries (_Lonicera_ sp.) 1
Elderberries (_Sambucus_ sp.) 1
Fruit not further identified 3
_Summary._--With so small an amount of material it is not safe to draw
general conclusions, but in the case of _Myadestes_ one point seems
clear--the bird's favorite food is small wild fruit, and as long as
this is abundant the bird will probably not attack cultivated
varieties; but should any portion of the region occupied by the
solitaire be cleared of its wild fruit and cultivated species be
introduced these would likely be preyed upon. Under such conditions
this bird, now perfectly harmless, might inflict considerable damage.
WOOD THRUSH.
(_Hylocichla mustelina._)
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