Foods and Household Management: A Textbook of the Household ArtsKinne, Helen
General
Foods and Household Management: A Textbook of the Household Arts
Kinne, Helen
Cooking; Food; Home economics
The fact is obvious that in preparing a meal you cannot finish the dishes
one at a time, but that steps individual to each dish must be interwoven
with each other, and the cook must have them all “on her mind,” and is
often doing half a dozen things at once. As a high school girl, preparing
a part of her first meal, remarked, “This is as good training as
mathematics.”
The woman at home will devise many ways of easing and shortening the labor
just before the meal is served, avoiding haste and anxiety in this way.
With the fireless cooker and other slow-cooking apparatus, the heavy work
may sometimes be done far ahead of mealtime. A dessert can be prepared and
be cooking as breakfast dishes are washed, and at the time left overs are
put away they can be arranged ready for serving, as in the case of poultry
or meat to be served cold. While the preparation of the midday meal is in
progress, something can sometimes be done for the last meal, too. This,
indeed, is a field for generalship, and it is a successful campaign when
the meals are all on time and well prepared, and the cook and family
cheerful.
=Important points in serving each dish.=——Each dish should be perfectly
done, neither over nor under cooked. All hot dishes should be hot, and
cold dishes cold. Lukewarm food is not agreeable. Bread and cake and some
kinds of pastry are the only foods that may have the temperature of the
room. Sliced meat and salads should be _cold_. Chill chocolate éclairs
before serving and see how much they are improved; indeed, experiment with
a number of foods that are usually served at room temperature.
=To keep food hot.=——A hot closet above a coal or gas range is made for
this purpose, and steam heaters sometimes have hot-closets. A double
boiler is a help, and one utensil may be set into a larger, filled with
boiling water. Some dishes can be set back on the stove, or over a
simmering gas burner with an asbestos mat underneath. The oven may be used
sometimes, with the door set ajar. The food may be kept covered unless it
will steam, in which case cover it with a towel. Serve food in hot dishes.
=To keep food cool.=——Leave the dish in the ice box until the last
possible moment. Sometimes serve with ice (butter in warm weather). If
ice is lacking, use other cooling devices. Serve in chilled dishes.
=Garnishing the dish.=——All food must be neatly placed in the dish, and
arranged or piled with some sort of symmetry, and this is the most that
some people have time to do. Many foods may be served in the utensil or
dish in which they are cooked, and in the case of a baking dish, if its
appearance is not neat, a napkin can be folded about it. The simplest form
of garnish is browning on the top, which makes many dishes attractive
(mashed potato).
_Make the garnishing simple_, and have it eatable when possible. Slices of
hard-boiled eggs on spinach, chopped parsley and butter on boiled or
mashed potato, parsley and slices of lemon, with meat and fish.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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