Foods and Their Adulteration: Origin, Manufacture, and Composition of Food Products; Description of Common Adulterations, Food Standards, and National Food Laws and RegulationsWiley, Harvey Washington
Science
Foods and Their Adulteration: Origin, Manufacture, and Composition of Food Products; Description of Common Adulterations, Food Standards, and National Food Laws and Regulations
Wiley, Harvey Washington
Food; Food adulteration and inspection
not recommend the presence of gelatine in beef extract because, being
cheaper in quality, it is an adulteration of the genuine article, which
should contain only the pure bases and not the gelatinous principle of
the meat in the tendons and bones.
_Character of Nitrogenous Bodies in Beef Extract._--When beef extract
is prepared according to the Liebig method those nitrogenous bodies
commonly known as meat bases are found in the concentrated extract.
In a beef extract which contains a total of 9.28 percent of nitrogen
the quantity of nitrogen in the form of nitrogenous compounds which
were found therein is as follows: Nitrogen in the form of soluble
albumin,--trace; in the form of albumoses,--1.17; in the form of
peptone,--trace; in the form of meat bases,--6.81; in the form of
ammonia compounds,--.47; in the form of unenumerated compounds,--.83.
The chief meat bases which form the principal part of the substance are
creatin, creatinin, xanthin, carnin and carnic acid.
There are many different forms of beef extract upon the market,
sometimes called by fanciful names and sometimes by the name of the
manufacturer. Among the fanciful names are some which indicate origin
or kind. The extracts which bear the names of the manufacturers are
very numerous, but all of these extracts are essentially of the
same character. One of these is a meat extract in which some of the
meat fiber is contained. The quantity of meat fiber which is used
varies, but is not very great. A comparison of the dry substance in a
preparation of the class mentioned above with the dry substance in meat
shows the following relation:
ASH AND
PROTEIN. MEAT BASES. MINERAL MATTER.
Percent. Percent. Percent.
Extract, 49.7 25.6 24.7
Meat, 86.7 7.8 5.3
The above data show that the extract is essentially different in its
composition from dried meat and has added to it a large quantity of
meat fiber or the meat rendered soluble by some kind of treatment.
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