Footprints of the Red Men: Indian geographical names in the valley of Hudson's river, the valley of the Mohawk, and on the Delaware: their location and the probable meaning of some of them.Ruttenber, Edward Manning
History
Footprints of the Red Men: Indian geographical names in the valley of Hudson's river, the valley of the Mohawk, and on the Delaware: their location and the probable meaning of some of them.
Ruttenber, Edward Manning
Indians of North America -- New York (State); Names, Geographical -- New York (State); Names, Indian -- North America
Kittatinny, erroneously claimed to mean "Endless hills," and to describe
the Highlands as a continuation of the Allegheny range, belongs to
Anthony's Nose [FN-1] to which, however, it has no very early record
application. It is from _Kitschi,_ "Principal, greatest," and _-atinny,_
"Hill, mountain," applicable to any principal mountain peak compared
with others in its vicinity. [FN-2]
* * * * *
[FN-1] The origin of the name is uncertain. Estevan Gomez, a Spanish
navigator, wrote "St. Anthony's River" as the name of the Hudson, in
1525. The current explanation, "Antonius Neus, so called from fancied
resemblance to the nose of one Anthony de Hoages," is a myth. The name
as the early Dutch understood it, is no doubt more correctly explained
by Jasper Bankers and Peter Sluyter in their Journal of 1679-80: "A
headland and high hill in the Highlands, so called because it has a
sharp ridge running up and down in the form of a nose," but fails to
explain St. Anthony, or Latin Antonius. The name appears also on the
Mohawk river and on Lake George, presumably from resemblance to the
Highland peak.
[FN-2] The Indians had no names for mountain ranges, but frequently
designated certain peaks by specific names. "Among these aboriginal
people," wrote Heckewelder, "every tree was not the tree, and every
mountain the mountain; but, on the contrary, everything is
distinguished by its specific name." Kittatinny was and is the most
conspicuous or greatest hill of the particular group of hills in its
proximity and was spoken of as such in designating the boundmark.
Sacrahung, or Mill River, "takes its name from _Sacra,_ 'rain.' Its
liability to freshets after heavy rains, may have given origin to the
name." (O'Callaghan.) Evidently, however, the name is a corruption of
_Sakwihung_ (Zeish.), "At the mouth of the river." The record reads,
"A small brook or run called Wigwam brook, but by some falsely called
Sackwrahung." (Deed of 1740.)
Quinnehung, a neck of land at the mouth and west side of Bronx River, is
presumed to have been the name of Hunter's Point. The adjectival
_Quinneh,_ is very plainly an equivalent of _Quinnih_ (Eliot), "long,"
and _-ung_ or _-ongh_ may stand for place--"A long place, or neck of
land." (See Aquchung.)
Sackonck and Matightekonck, record names of places petitioned for by
Van Cortlandt in 1697, are located in general terms, in the petition,
in the neighborhood of John Peak's Creek and Anthony's Nose. (Cal. N. Y.
Land Papers, 49.) The first probably referred to the mouth of Peak's
Creek (Peekskill). _Sakunk_ (Heck.), "At the mouth or outlet of a creek
or river." _Saukunk_ (Donck) is another form. (See Titicus.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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