Matouwackey, Sewanhackey and Paumanackey, in varying orthographies, are names of record for Long Island, derived from _Meitauawack_ (_Metaûhock,_ Nar.), the name of the shell-fish from which the Indians made the shell-money in use among them, [FN-1] called by English _Peag,_ from _Wau-paaeek_ [FN-2] (Moh.), "white," and by the Dutch _Sewan_ or _Zeewan,_ [FN-3] from _Sewaûn_ (Moh.), _Sueki_ (Nar.), "black." This money was both white and black (so called), the latter the most rare and valuable. It was in use by the Europeans as a medium of trade with the Indians, as well as among themselves, by the Indians especially for the manufacture of their historic peace, tribute, treaty and war belts, called _Paumaunak_ (_Pau-pau-me-numwe,_ Mass.), "an offering." [FN-4] _Meitouowack,_ the material, _Waupoaeek_ and _Sewaûn,_ the colors; _Paumanack,_ the use, "an offering." The suffix of either term (_hock, hagki, hackee_) is generic for shell--correctly, "An ear-shaped shell." (Trumbull.) Substantially, by the corruption of the suffix to _hacki_ (Del.), "land" or place, the several terms, as applied to the island, have the meaning, "The shell island," or "Place of shells." De Laet wrote, in 1624: "At the entrance of this bay are situated several islands, or broken land, on which a nation of savages have their abode, who are called Matouwacks; they obtain a livelihood by fishing within the bay, whence the most easterly point of the land received the name of Fisher's Hook and also Cape de Bay." Van der Donck entered on his map, "t' Lange Eyland, alias, Matouwacks." "Situate on the island called by the Indians Sewanhacky." (Deed of 1636.) "Called in ye Indian tongue Suanhackey." (Deed of 1639.) Than these entries there is no claim that the island ever had a specific name, and that those quoted were from shells and their uses is clear. Generically the island was probably known to the Minsi and neighboring tribes as _Menatey,_ "The island," as stated by Dr. Trumbull; smaller islands being known as _Menatan,_ from which _Manathan_ and _Manhatan._ The occupants of the island were a distinct group of Algonquian stock, speaking on the east a dialect more or less of the Massachusetts type, and on the west that known as Monsey-Lenape, both types, however, being largely controlled by the Dutch and the English orthographies in which local notings appear. They were almost constantly at war with the Pequods and Narragansetts, but there is no evidence that they were ever conquered, and much less that they were conquered by the Iroquois, to whom they paid tribute for protection in later years, as they had to the Pequods and to the English; nor is there evidence that their intercourse with the river tribes immediately around them was other than friendly. * * * * *