See n. 3, p. 117 _supra_. Footnote 426: Irenaeus, Bk I. c. 5, § 1, p. 98, Harvey. Footnote 427: See n. 2, p. 118 _supra_. Footnote 428: This may have been due either to their Egyptian extraction, or to the necessity of putting the matter in a way that would be intelligible to their Egyptian disciples. Cf. Naville, _Old Egyptian Faith_, 1909, where he says that the Egyptian way of expressing abstract ideas is by metaphors. Their ancestors, the Egyptians of the early Dynasties, when they wanted to describe how gods of both sexes came forth from one single male deity, did so by means of a very coarse image. See Budge, Papyrus of Nesi-Amsu, _Archaeologia_, vol. LII. (1890), pp. 440, 441. Cf. same author, _Hieratic Papyri in B.M._ Footnote 429: Courdaveaux, _R.H.R._ Jan.-Fev. 1892, p. 293 and n. 7. Mgr Duchesne, _op. cit._ pp. 244, 245, agrees that Clement looked upon the Son as a creature only. Nor does there seem much difference between Valentinus’ view of the relation between the Demiurge and the Unknown Father, and Clement’s remarks about the Son whom he calls timeless and unbegotten and says that it is from Him that we must learn the “remote cause the Father of the Universe”: _Strom._ Bk VII. c. 1. Cf. Justin Martyr, _c. Trypho._ c. 56. Footnote 430: _R.H.R._ Jan.-Fev. 1891, p. 27. Tertullian’s own heresy was of course Montanism. Harnack, _Hist. of Dogma_, Eng. ed., II. pp. 257, 258, says indeed that Hippolytus’ own views of the Trinity coincide with those of Valentinus and are a relic of polytheism. Footnote 431: Hippolytus, _op. cit._ Bk VI. c. 29, pp. 280, 281, Cruice. Footnote 432: 2 John iv. 16. So Ἀγάπη “Love” is made the summit of the universe in the Ophite Diagram. See Chap. VIII _supra_. Footnote 433: Neander, _Ch. Hist._ vol. II. p. 90. Footnote 434: Heracleon, quoted by Origen in _Commentaries on St John_, Bk X. c. 19. Footnote 435: Hippolytus, _op. cit._ Bk VI. c. 36, pp. 297, 298, Cruice. Footnote 436: _Ibid._ _loc. cit._ p. 298, Cruice. Footnote 437: Clem. Alex. _Strom._ Bk II. c. 20. Footnote 438: Amélineau, _Gnost. Ég._ p. 230; Neander, _Ch. Hist._ vol. II. p. 94. Footnote 439: Neander, _op. et loc. cit._ p. 150 and note, says Clement of Alexandria declares that while Marcion wished to found a Church, the other Gnostics endeavoured to found schools (διατριβαί) only. Clem. Alex. _Strom._ Bk VII. c. 15, seems to be the passage referred to; but in the present state of the text it may be doubted whether it will bear the construction Neander puts upon it. Footnote 440: Irenaeus, Bk I. Prooem. p. 4, Harvey. Footnote 441: Cf. Renan, _L’Église Chrétienne_, p. 165. The manner in which the Valentinians tried to make converts to their doctrines within the Church is described by Irenaeus, Bk III. c. 15, § 2, pp. 78, 80, Harvey, and Tertullian, _adv. Valentinianos_, c. 1. Footnote 442: