Forest Trees of Texas: How to Know ThemMattoon, Wilbur R. (Wilbur Reed)
Science
Forest Trees of Texas: How to Know Them
Mattoon, Wilbur R. (Wilbur Reed)
Trees -- Identification; Trees -- Texas
[Illustration: COMMON TYPES OF FRUITS AND SEEDS]
Acorn (Oak)
Multiple Fruit (Mulberry)
Nuts in Prickly Bur (Beech)
Drupe (Cherry)
Pod (Locust)
Samara (Elm)
Samara (Ash)
Samara (Maple)
Cone (Pine)
Hairy Seed (Willow)
Nuts in Bladder-Like Bracts (Hophornbeam)
Berry (Persimmon)
Nut in Husk (Hickory)
A Nut-Like Drupe (Basswood)
Drupe (Hackberry)
Winged Seed (Pine)
Multiple Fruit—Achene Enlarged (Sycamore)
Nuts in Spiny Bur (Chinkapin)
Texas Trees
LIMBER PINE (Rocky Mountain White Pine)
Pinus flexilis var. flexilis James
Limber pine is abundant in the Rocky Mountains and in scattered areas
over much of the West. In Texas, limber pine may be found in the
Guadalupe and Davis Mountains of West Texas.
As the name indicates, the branches and twigs are especially flexible
and tough, often light purple in color. The branches form a rounded tree
top or head. The trunk is stout and noticeably tapered.
The needle-like LEAVES are in clusters of five. They are stiff and
stout, about 2 to 3 inches long, and arranged in clusters or tufts near
the ends of the branches. They stay on the twig for five or six years.
[Illustration: LIMBER PINE (Fruit and leaves, one-third natural size)]
The “FRUIT”, a cone, is relatively short or stocky, mostly from 3 to 6
inches long, made up of rounded rather thick scales, some turned forward
and some backward. The cone is short-stalked. As with all the pines, the
seeds mature at the end of the second season of growth.
The WOOD is relatively soft, close-grained, slightly yellowish or
reddish. It is not cut in quantity and the trees are usually rather
limby and short-bodied, which largely accounts for the small commercial
use.
PINYON (Nut Pine)
Pinus edulis Engelm.
Pinyon is found as scattered trees or in small groves over the mountains
and canyons in the western part of the state to elevations of 8,000
feet. It is a small tree, grows on warm slopes or in sheltered
locations, and forms a bushy top with orange-colored branchlets.
The needle-like LEAVES grow in bundles of two (rarely 3); whereas in
Pinus cembroides Zucc., the Mexican Pinyon, there are usually three
needles per cluster. The dark green needles are approximately one inch
long, stiff, stout, and curved. They remain on the tree from 5 to 8
years.
[Illustration: PINYON (Natural size)]
Like all the pines, it has male and female “FLOWERS” separate on the
same tree. The “FRUIT”, a cone, is rounded, about 1 to 2 inches across,
and produces large seeds or “nuts”, from ½ to ¾ inch long. The seeds are
rich in food value and form an important article of diet for the
Indians. The seeds are gathered and sold widely as fancy “nuts” in many
larger towns and cities.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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