Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain — John Shaqi
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
Thus, observe, I enter into no question at present as to the absolute
rightness of King Edward's fighting, which caused, that day, at
Calais, the deaths of more than four hundred innocent men; nor as to
the absolute wrongness of the four Irishmen's fighting, which causes
only the death of one, (--who also may, for aught I know, have done
something really seeming evil to the dull creatures)--but there is no
doubt that the King fought wholly without wrath, and without doubting
his rightness; and they with vile wrath and miserable consciousness
of doing wrong; and that you have in the two scenes, as perfect types
as I can put before you of entirely good ancient French breeding,
and entirely bad modern British breeding.
Breeding;--observe the word; I mean it literally; involving first
the race--and then the habits enforced in youth: entirely excluding
intellectual conclusions. The "breeding" of a man is what he gets from
the Centaur Chiron; the "beastly" part of him in a good sense;--that
which makes him courageous by instinct, true by instinct, loving by
instinct, as a Dog is; and therefore felicitously above or below
(whichever you like to call it,) all questions of philosophy and
divinity.
And of both the Centaur Chiron, and St. George, one, the typical Greek
tutor of gentlemen, and the other, the type of Christian gentlemen,
I meant to tell you in this letter; and the Third Fors won't let
me, yet, and I scarcely know when; for before we leave King Edward,
lest you should suppose I mean to set him up for a saint instead of
St. George, you must hear the truth of his first interview with Alice
of Salisbury,--(he had seen her married, but not noticed her then,
particularly,)--wherein you will see him becoming doubtful, and of
little faith, or distorted faith, "miscreant"; but the lady Alice
no wise doubtful; wherefore she becomes worthy to give the shield
of England its "tressure" and St. George's company their watchword,
as aforesaid.
But her story must not be told in the same letter with that of our
modern British courage; and now that I think of it, St. George's had
better be first told in February, when, I hope, some crocuses will be
up, and an amaryllis or two, St. George having much interest in both.
NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE.
In an interesting letter "for self and mates" a Manchester working
man asks me the meaning of "Fors Clavigera" (surely enough explained
in II. 4?) and whether I mean by vulgarity "commonness," and why I say
that doing anything in a hurry is vulgar. I do not mean by vulgarity,
commonness. A daisy is common; and a baby, not uncommon. Neither are
vulgar. Has my correspondent really no perception of the difference
between good breeding and vulgarity?--if he will tell me this, I will
try to answer him more distinctly: meantime, if in the Salford Library
there is a copy of my 'Modern Painters,' let him look at Vol. V.,
Part IX., Chap. VII.
He says also that he and his mates must do many things in a hurry.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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