Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
altogether occupied from the age of fifteen to seventy-two, in doing
other people's wills instead of her own, and seeking other people's
good instead of her own: nor did I ever hear on any occasion of her
doing harm to a human being, except by saving two hundred and some
odd pounds for her relations; in consequence of which some of them,
after her funeral, did not speak to the rest for several months.
Two hundred and odd pounds;--it might have been more; but I used to
hear of little loans to the relations occasionally; and besides,
Anne would sometimes buy a quite unjustifiably expensive silk
gown. People in her station of life are always so improvident. Two
hundred odd pounds at all events she had laid by, in her fifty-seven
years of unselfish labour. Actually twenty ten-pound notes. I heard
the other day, to my great satisfaction, of the approaching marriage
of a charming girl;--but to my dissatisfaction, that the approach was
slow. "We can't marry yet"--said she;--"you know, we can't possibly
marry on five hundred a year." People in that station of life are
always so provident.
Two hundred odd pounds,--that was what the third Fors, in due alliance
with her sisters, thought fit to reward our Annie with, for fifty years
of days' work and nights' watching; and what will not a dash of a pen
win, sometimes in the hands of superior persons! Surely the condition
must be a degraded one which can do no better for itself than this?
And yet, have you ever taken a wise man's real opinion on this
matter? You are not fond of hearing opinions of wise men; you like
your anonymous penny-a-liners' opinions better. But do you think you
could tolerantly receive that of a moderately and popularly wise
man--such an one as Charles Dickens, for example? Have you ever
considered seriously what his opinion was, about 'Dependants' and
'Menials'? He did not perhaps quite know what it was himself;--it
needs wisdom of stronger make than his to be sure of what it does
think. He would talk, in his moral passages, about Independence,
and Self-dependence, and making one's way in the world, just like any
hack of the 'Eatanswill Independent.' But which of the people of his
imagination, of his own true children, did he love and honour most? Who
are your favourites in his books--as they have been his? Menials, it
strikes me, many of them. Sam, Mark, Kit, Peggoty, Mary-my-dear,--even
the poor little Marchioness! I don't think Dickens intended you to
look upon any of them disrespectfully. Or going one grade higher
in his society, Tom Pinch, Newman Noggs, Tim Linkinwater, Oliver
Twist--how independent, all of them! Very nearly menial, in soul,
if they chance on a good master; none of them brilliant in fortune,
nor vigorous in action. Is not the entire testimony of Dickens, traced
in its true force, that no position is so good for men and women,
none so likely to bring out their best human character, as that of a
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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