Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 3 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
"Strengthen authority," "enforce discipline"! What ugly expressions
these! and a "whole hamlet," though it be a little one, "the property
of the Edgeworths"! How long are such things yet to be? thinks
my Republican correspondent, I suppose--from whom, to my regret,
I have had no further dispatch since I endeavoured to answer
his interrogations. [18] Only, note further respecting this chief
question of the right of private property, that there are two kinds of
ownership, which the Greeks wisely expressed in two different ways:
the first, with the word which brought me to a pause in St. John's
Gospel, 'idios,' signifying the way, for instance, in which a man's
opinions and interests are his own; 'idia,' so that by persisting
in them, independently of the truth, which is above opinion, and of
the public interest, which is above private, he becomes what we very
properly, borrowing the Greek word, call an 'idiot.' But their other
phrase expresses the kind of belonging which is nobly won, and is
truly and inviolably ours, in which sense a man may learn the full
meaning of the word 'Mine' only once in his life,--happy he who has
ever so learnt it. I was thinking over the prettiness of the word
in that sense, a day or two ago, and opening a letter, mechanically,
when a newspaper clipping dropped out of it (I don't know from what
paper), containing a quotation from the 'Cornhill Magazine' setting
forth the present privileges of the agricultural labourer attained
for him by modern improvements in machinery, in the following terms:--
"An agricultural labourer, from forty to forty-five years of age,
of tried skill, of probity, and sobriety, with £200 in his pocket,
is a made man. True, he has had to forego the luxury of marriage;
but so have his betters."
And I think you may be grateful to the Third Fors for this clipping;
which you see settles, in the region of Cornhill, at least,
the question whether you are the betters or the worses of your
masters. Decidedly the worses, according to the 'Cornhill.' Also,
exactly the sum which my old nurse had for her reward at the end of
her life, is, you see, to be the agricultural labourer's reward in
the crowning triumph of his;--provided always that he has followed
the example of his betters on the stock exchange and in trade,
in the observance of the strictest probity;--that he be entirely
skilful;--not given to purchasing two shillings' worth of liquor for
twenty-seven and sixpence,--and finally, until the age of forty-five,
has dispensed with the luxury of marriage.
I have just said I didn't want to make Catholics of you; but truly
I think your Protestantism is becoming too fierce in its opposition
to the Popedom. Cannot it be content with preaching the marriage of
the clergy, but it must preach also the celibacy of the laity?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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