Fort Sumter National Monument, South CarolinaBarnes, Frank
History
Fort Sumter National Monument, South Carolina
Barnes, Frank
Fort Sumter (Charleston, S.C.) -- History; Fort Sumter National Monument (Charleston, S.C.)
Admiral Dahlgren continued to make no move. In any event, he could not
advance until the repairs on the monitors were finished. As late as
January 1864 these still were not complete. Meanwhile, in the face of
reports of greatly strengthened harbor fortifications other than Fort
Sumter, and increasingly concerned over the nature of the harbor
obstructions, he was reluctant now to move forward without additional
monitors. Defeat was always possible, and defeat for the Union’s “only
ironclad squadron” might have serious consequences, not only for the
blockade and Gillmore’s command on Morris Island, but for future
operations elsewhere along the coast. In the meantime, “substantial”
advantages had already been gained; the blockade at Charleston was
tighter with Morris Island in Federal hands. To all this, the Navy
Department agreed. Elsewhere, however, the war gathered momentum. In
November, the North won decisively at Chattanooga.
The additional monitors, always promised, never seemed to arrive. On
December 5, General Gillmore stopped the bombardment of Fort Sumter
begun 41 days earlier. There seemed no great advantage in continuing,
and it required considerable ammunition.
_Stalemate—Spring of 1864_
The general had made his last sustained effort against the fort. On only
four other days in December did he fire any rounds at all. During the 4
months he remained in command the firing was intermittent, never more
than “minor” in character. Meanwhile, forthcoming operations in Virginia
required all the troops available. On May 1, 1864, General Gillmore
departed for Fort Monroe with 18,000 picked men and quantities of
valuable matériel.
General Grant’s operations required the services of the additional
monitors awaited by Admiral Dahlgren. With the monitor force reduced to
six by the foundering of the _Weehawken_ in December, further offensive
operations against Charleston seemed completely out of the question. In
June, the ironclad frigate _New Ironsides_ was withdrawn to the north.
_Fort Sumter Strengthened_
In the preceding December, Fort Sumter had been an “almost chaotic
ruin.” At night, below the “rugged outline of the ramparts,” wrote one
of the garrison, all was—
“dark with piles of disordered material; a chance shower of sparks
blows out from smouldering fire and lights up some great rough blocks
of brick work and the pools of stagnant water into which they have
been violently thrown some days before. Or lanterns move about in
unseen hands, some to light a way for long trains of men toiling with
heavy timbers and bags of sand over the roughest footing and up steep
and uncertain, tumbling slopes; some to direct the heaping of material
over old damaged hiding places repaired for the twentieth time since
the firing began, or to build up newer and more lasting shelters for
the garrison....”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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