Produced by Ed Ferris Transcriber's note: Footnotes are at the end of the chapter. Right-hand-page heads are set right-justified before the appropriate paragraphs. Small caps have been transcribed as upper-and-lower-case, except the page heads. The dieresis is transcribed by a preceding hyphen. Non-standard spellings: partizan, despatch, Kenesaw, skilful, practised, intrenchments, brevetted, reconnoissance, Chili, envelop. LoC call number: E467.1.S35 A2 Submitted May 11th, 2007 FORTY-SIX YEARS IN THE ARMY [Frontispiece] FROM A PHOTOGRAPH BY FALK. [Facsimile Signature] J.M.Schofield THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED TO THE YOUNG CITIZENS WHOSE PATRIOTISM, VALOR AND MILITARY SKILL MUST BE THE SAFEGUARD OF THE INTERESTS, THE HONOR AND THE GLORY OF THE AMERICAN UNION FORTY-SIX YEARS IN THE ARMY BY LIEUTENANT-GENERAL JOHN M. SCHOFIELD NEW YORK THE CENTURY CO. 1897 Copyright, 1897 by The Century Co. The De Vinne Press. PREFACE Most of the chapters constituting the contents of this volume, were written, from time to time, as soon as practicable after the events referred to, or after the publication of historical writings which seemed to me to require comment from the point of view of my personal knowledge. They were written entirely without reserve, and with the sole purpose of telling exactly what I thought and believed, not with any purpose of publication in my lifetime, but as my contribution to the materials which may be useful to the impartial historian of some future generation. These writings had been put away for safe-keeping with "instructions for the guidance of my executors," in which I said: "All the papers must be carefully revised, errors corrected if any are found, unimportant matter eliminated, and everything omitted which may seem, to a cool and impartial judge, to be unjust or unnecessarily harsh or severe toward the memory of any individual. I have aimed to be just, and not unkind. If I have failed in any case, it is my wish that my mistakes may be corrected, as far as possible. I have not attempted to write history, but simply to make a record of events personally known to me, and of my opinion upon such acts of others, and upon such important subjects, as have come under my special notice. It is my contribution to the materials from which the future historian must draw for his data for a truthful history of our time." Now, in the winter of 1896-97, I have endeavored to discharge, as far as I am able, the duty which I had imposed on my executors, and have decided to publish what I had written in past years, with corrections and comments, while many of the actors in the great drama of the Civil War are still living and can assist in correcting any errors into which I may have fallen.