The cones of certain species of _Pinus_ remain attached to the tree for many years and their bases become embedded in the stem; this is particularly well shown in the drawing of a cone of _Pinus clausa_ (fig. 159), for which I am indebted to Mr Sudworth, Dendrologist in the United States Forest Service. Mr Sudworth has drawn my attention to _P. attenuata_ and _P. muricata_ in illustration of the same phenomenon[304]. The example shown in fig. 159 cannot, however, be matched by any known specimen of _Ulodendron_; in the case of the depressions on the stem of a Pine the cone-base fits the circular scar, but in the fossil stems it is practically certain that this was not the case. [Illustration: FIG. 159. _Pinus clausa._ ½ nat. size.] There can be little doubt that certain Palaeozoic Lycopods shed their branches by a method similar to that employed by the Kauri Pine of New Zealand and by some species of Dicotyledons. The evidence adduced in the case of _Bothrodendron punctatum_ is a strong argument in favour of extending the same explanation to other Ulodendron shoots. [Illustration: FIG. 160. A. _Lepidophloios scoticus_ Kidst. From a specimen from the Calciferous Sandstone, Midlothian, in Dr Kidston’s Collection; rather less than ⅓ nat. size. B. _L. scoticus_ cone. From a specimen from the Calciferous Sandstone of Midlothian in Dr Kidston’s Collection; slightly reduced.] _b._ _Halonia._ The branched axis with _Lepidophloios_ leaf-cushions, represented in fig. 160, A, illustrates a special form of shoot described by Lindley and Hutton[305] under the generic name _Halonia_. The original specimens referred to this genus are decorticated axes showing remains of Lepidodendroid leaf-cushions. The spirally disposed circular scars in the specimen of _Halonia_ (_Lepidophloios scoticus_[306]) shown in fig. 160 constitute the characteristic feature of the genus; they may have the form, as in fig. 160, A, of circular discs with a central umbilicus marking the position of a vascular strand, or, as in the sandstone cast of _Halonia tortuosa_ shown in fig. 161[307], they may appear as prominent tubercles. The latter example illustrates the condition characteristic of partially decorticated stems. [Illustration: FIG. 161. _Halonia tortuosa_ L. and H. From a specimen in Dr Kidston’s Collection, from the Lower Coal-measures of Ayrshire (No. 1561); ⅔ nat. size.]