In 1883 Williamson[308] described a specimen, now in the Leeds Museum, which convinced him that _Halonia_ is merely a special form of _Lepidodendron_ concerned with the production of fertile shoots or strobili. Feistmantel[309] also recognised that _Halonia_ _regularis_ is identical in the form of the cushions with the type known as _Lepidophloios laricinus_. It is worthy of note that under the name _Halonia_, Feistmantel[310] figured a piece of decorticated axis characterised by two rows instead of the usual spiral series of large cup-shaped scars. Recent researches have, however, tended to break down the distinction between _Ulodendron_ and _Halonia_ founded respectively on the biseriate and spiral arrangement of the scars or tubercles. The interpretation of Halonial branches as cone-bearing members of Lepidodendroid plants has passed into a generally accepted statement of fact, but, so far as I know, only one specimen has been figured in which strobili are seen attached to an Halonia axis. This specimen, described by Grand’Eury[311] from the coal-field of Gard, is hardly sufficiently well-preserved to constitute a demonstration of the correctness of the generally received view, which, as is not unusual, has been repeated by one writer after another without due regard being paid to the nature of the evidence on which the statement is based. It may, indeed, be correct to describe Halonial branches as cone-bearing, but there are certain considerations which make one pause before unhesitatingly accepting this explanation. The vascular strand which passes from the central cylinder of the shoot to the tubercle or scar is composed of a solid rod of xylem distinguished from the main stele by the absence of a pith. In such petrified peduncles as have been discovered the stele is of the medullated type. The common occurrence of strobili terminating slender branches of lepidodendroid plants, though not a fatal objection to their attachment to Halonial shoots, shows that in many cases the cones were borne at the tip of leafy shoots. It may be that some of the Halonial scars are in origin like those of the Ulodendron axes of _Bothrodendron_ and mark the position of deciduous vegetative branches.