In this species, as in others, the form of the leaf-cushion exhibits a considerable range of variation dependent on the thickness of the shoot; the contiguous cushions of young branches become stretched apart as the result of increasing girth of the whole organ, and casts of still older branches may exhibit very different surface-features[374]. The leaves as seen on impressions of slender branches are comparatively short, reaching a length of 1–2 cm. It is important to notice that leafy twigs of this species may bear terminal cones[375] resembling in form those of _Picea excelsa_ and other recent conifers, though differing essentially in their morphological features. The fossil stumps of trees represented in the frontispiece to Volume I. bear horizontally spreading and dichotomously branched root-like organs having the characters of _Stigmaria ficoides_[376]. Geinitz has suggested that _Stigmaria inaequalis_ Göpp. may be the underground portion of _Lepidodendron Veltheimianum_. It is unfortunately seldom possible to connect petrified _Lepidodendron_ cones with particular species of the genus based on purely vegetative characters, but it is practically certain that we are justified in recognising certain strobili described by Williamson[377] from the Calciferous Sandstone series of Burntisland on the Firth of Forth as those of _Lepidodendron Veltheimianum_. Williamson believed that the cone which he described belonged to the plant with shoots characterised by the anatomical features of his species _Lepidodendron brevifolium_ (= _L. Veltheimianum_), a conclusion which is confirmed by Kidston[378]. The cone of _L. Veltheimianum_, which reached a diameter of at least 1 cm. and a length of 4 cm., agrees in essentials with other species of _Lepidostrobus_; the axis has a single medullated stele of the same general type as that of the vegetative shoots of _Lepidodendron fuliginosum_ and _L. Harcourtii_. The sporophylls are described by Williamson as spirally disposed, and Scott notices that in some specimens they are arranged in alternate whorls; as in recent Lycopods both forms of phyllotaxis may occur in the same species. The heterosporous nature of this strobilus, to which Scott first applied the name _Lepidostrobus Veltheimianus_, is clearly demonstrated by the two longitudinal sections contributed by Mr Carruthers and figured by Williamson in 1893[379].