Information as to the cones of this species is restricted to a description by Schimper[622] of a specimen in the Dublin Museum as _Lepidostrobus Bailyanus_; this has sporophylls with a subtriangular base bearing several megaspores and terminating distally in a slender lamina 12 cm. in length. An example of a _Bothrodendron_ with more prominent leaf-cushions than those already mentioned is afforded by a species from Bear Island described by Heer[623] as _Lepidodendron Wükianum_ and afterwards referred by Nathorst[624] to _Bothrodendron_. The same type is recorded also by Schmalhausen[625] from Lower Carboniferous or Devonian strata of Siberia. Certain Scotch specimens from the Calciferous Sandstone, which Kidston[626] referred to Heer’s species, are regarded by Nathorst and, in part at least, by Weiss[627] and Sterzel as representing a distinct species which these authors designate _Bothrodendron Kidstoni_[628]. Without attempting the hopeless task of discriminating between the various Carboniferous and Devonian specimens described under the names _Cyclostigma_ or _Bothrodendron_, reference may be made to the following records as illustrating the wide distribution of the genus. Schmalhausen[629] records _Cyclostigma kiltorkense_ from Siberian rocks assigned to the Ursa stage (Devonian or Lower Carboniferous). The fossil described by Dawson[630] from the Devonian of Gaspé as _Cyclostigma densifolium_ probably represents a badly preserved example of _Bothrodendron_: Weiss’s species _Cyclostigma hercynium_[631] from Lower Devonian rocks of the Hartz district may be identical with _Bothrodendron kiltorkense_. The supposed identity of the latter species with _Dechenia Roemeriana_ Goepp., as described by Potonié[632], appears to require confirmation[633], but if this author is correct the connexion demonstrates the continuity of Bothrodendron shoots and Stigmaria-like subterranean organs. The specimens described from South Africa, from strata which may be correlated with the Upper or possibly with the Lower Carboniferous series of Europe, as _Bothrodendron Leslei_[634] in all probability represents a species closely allied to the Irish and Bear Island type. _Bothrodendron Leslei_ named after Mr Leslie whose discoveries in the Carboniferous Sandstone of Vereeniging (Transvaal) have added considerably to our knowledge of the South African Palaeozoic types, is represented by imperfectly preserved casts characterised by more or less circular scars displaying the same irregularity of arrangement as in _Bothrodendron kiltorkense_. The leaf-scars appear to have only one small pit, but this may not be an original feature. The identification of this plant as _Bothrodendron_ receives support from the discovery of rather more satisfactory specimens at Witteberg sent to me for examination by Dr Schwarz[635]. These fossils bear a striking resemblance to _B. kiltorkense_. _Cydostigma australe_[636] Feist.