have hung free from the lamina, a conclusion based on the position of the seeds relative to the plane of the pinnule in well-preserved examples. Prof. Zeiller informs me that he is by no means certain that Grand’Eury’s seed-bearing fronds should not be referred to _Pecopteris Sterzeli_; but as that species and _P. Pluckeneti_ are very closely allied forms and may well have borne the same general type of fructification, the question of specific difference does not affect the significance of Grand’Eury’s discovery. A statement was made in vol. +ii.+[447], quoted from Grand’Eury, that the fronds of _P. Sterzeli_ were borne on a _Psaronius_ stem, but Prof. Zeiller told me that in his opinion the fronds and stem are merely in association and not in organic contact. It is probable that the _Psaronius_ stem bore fronds of some species of _Pecopteris_ with sori of the _Asterotheca_ or _Scolecopteris_ type and not seeds. _Pecopteris Pluckeneti_ and _P. Sterzeli_ are no doubt the fronds of a Pteridosperm[448], but apart from the seed-impressions there is no evidence as to the nature of the reproductive organs or stem. The form of the seeds with a fairly thick sarcotesta, which gives them a winged appearance, suggests a member of the Medulloseae rather than a plant with seeds like those of _Lyginopteris_ and _Heterangium_. [Illustration: Fig. 442. _Pecopteris Pluckeneti._ A, apex and lower pinnae (Kidston Coll., 234); B, pinnule with supposed sorus (after Sterzel); C, pinnule with seeds (after Zeiller).] _Eremopteris artemisaefolia_ Steinberg with _Samaropsis acuta_ Lindley and Hutton. The generic name _Eremopteris_ was instituted by Schimper for a type of frond from the Coal Measures of Newcastle described by Sternberg as _Sphenopteris artemisaefolia_. He included also a second species, _E. Neesii_, from the Permian of Bohemia: this was removed by Zeiller to _Callipteris_. The type-species of _Eremopteris_ is included in this chapter on the ground that the almost constant association with the fronds of seeds comparable with those described by White as _Aneimites_ (_Wardia_) _fertilis_ affords a strong argument in favour of assigning _Eremopteris artemisaefolia_ to the Pteridosperms. 1826. _Sphenopteris artemisaefolia_ Steinberg, Flor. Vorwelt, Fasc. +iv.+ p. 15, Pl. +lvi.+ fig. 1. 1833. _Sphenopteris crithmifolia_ Lindley and Hutton, Foss. Flor. Vol. +i.+ Pl. +xlvi.+ 1833. _Cardiocarpon acutum_, _Ibid._ Pl. +lxxvi.+ 1869. _Eremopteris artemisaefolia_ Schimper, Trait. Pal. Vég. Vol. +i.+ p. 416. 1914. _Samaropsis acuta_ Kidston, Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. Vol. +l.+ Pt +i.+ p. 156.