English literature -- Middle English, 1100-1500; Great Britain -- History -- 14th century -- Sources
44. _þe prestes doghtyr of þe tounne_, 'the priest of the town's
daughter'. In early ME. the genitive inflexion is not, as in Modern
English, added to the last of a group of words: cp. XIV _d_ 10 _Þe
Kynges sone of heuene_ 'the King of Heaven's son'. The same construction
occurs in VIII _a_ 19 _for þe Lordes loue of heuene_ = 'for the love of
the Lord of Heaven', and in VIII _a_ 214; but in these passages the
genitive is objective, and Modern English does not use the inflexion at
all (note to I 83). The ME. and modern expressions have their point of
agreement in the position of the genitive inflexion, which always
precedes immediately the noun on which the genitive depends. Cp. notes
to II 518, VI 23, and XIV _d_ 1.
46. _Aȝone_: _ȝ_ = _z_ here. The name is _Azo_ in the Latin.
55. _Beu<u>ne_: (derived from the accusative _Beuonem_) = _Beuo_ of
l. 59 and _Beuolyne_ of l. 62. The form is properly _Bovo_ not _Bevo_.
Considerable liberties were taken with proper names to adapt them to
metre or rime: e.g. l. 52 _Merswynde_; l. 63 _Merswyne_; cp. note to l.
246. This habit, and frequent miscopying, make it difficult to rely on
names in mediaeval stories.
65. _Grysly_: An error for _Gerlew_, Latin _Gerleuus_, from Low German
_Gērlēf_ = OE. _Gārlāf_.
83. _for Crystys awe_: In Modern English a phrase like _Christ's awe_
could mean only 'the awe felt by Christ'. But in OE. _Cristes ege_, or
_ege Cristes_, meant also 'the awe of Christ (which men feel)', the
genitive being objective. In ME. the word order _eie Cristes_ is
dropped, but _Cristes eie_ (or _awe_, the Norse form) is still regular
for '(men's) fear of Christ'. Hence formal ambiguities like _þe Lordes
loue of heuene_ VIII _a_ 19, which actually means '(men's) love of the
Lord of Heaven', but grammatically might mean 'the Lord of Heaven's love
(for men)'—see note to l. 44 above.
96-7. The Latin Letter of Theodric in fact has _ab isto officio ex Dei
nutu amodo non cessetis_, but probably _amodo_ is miswritten for _anno_.
127. _a saue_: lit. 'have safe', i.e. 'rescue'. _Saue_ is here adj.
128-9. _ys_: _flessh_: The rime requires the alternative forms _es_ (as
in l. 7) and _fles(s)_. Cp. note to VII 4.
132. _Ȝow þar nat aske_: 'There is no need for you to ask'; _ȝow_
is dative after the impersonal _þar_.
156-7. _werynes_: _dos_. The rime is false. Perhaps Mannyng wrote: _As
many body for goyng es_ [sc. _wery_], and a copyist misplaced _es_,
writing: _As many body es for goyng_. If _body es_ were read as
_bodyes_, a new verb would then be added.
169. Note the irony of the refrain. The Letter of Otbert adds the
picturesque detail that they gradually sank up to their waists in the
ground through dancing on the same spot.
172. _Þe Emperoure Henry_: Probably Henry II of Germany, Emperor from
1014 to 1024. A certain vagueness in points of time and place would save
the bearers of the letter from awkward questions.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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