E-text prepared by George Smith FOWLER'S HOUSEHOLD HELPS Over 300 Useful and Valuable Helps About the Home, Carefully Compiled and Arranged in Convenient Form for Frequent Use With Complete Index Published by Household Publishing Company 132 Jay St., Albany, N. Y. To the many efficient and up-to-date housekeepers of our land this book is respectfully dedicated, in the hope that they may find something herein to further increase their efficiency. While the author does not guarantee the reliability of these household helps, they have been carefully compiled from reliable sources and are believed to be efficient if directions are carefully followed. Copyright, 1916 By A. L. Fowler IMPORTANT NOTICE This book is fully protected by copyright and any infringement thereof will be duly prosecuted. Extra copies may be obtained at 10c each, postpaid, from the Household Publishing Co., 132 Jay Street, Albany, N. Y. HOUSEHOLD HELPS THE CARE AND USE OF GAS APPLIANCES CARE OF GAS RANGES In order to get satisfactory and economical service and a long life, any range or mechanical device must be kept clean. This applies to the gas range as well, and we therefore wish to emphasize that the little attention required is very much worth while. Clean the top, the ovens and removable drip pan frequently. Clean broiler griddle and pan _every_ time it is used. If any burner holes become clogged, clean them out with a piece of wire or a hairpin. Keep the air inlets on the shutter at the front of the burners near the levers clear of dust. The suction at this point draws the dust, which, if allowed to accumulate, will cause the flame to burn yellow or red instead of blue. More ranges rust out than wear out. To keep the range free from rust rub it very frequently with a cloth slightly oiled with any kind of oil or grease, except kerosene or one containing salt; we suggest the use of olive oil or one of its cheaper substitutes. This is done to the best advantage while the range is warm. When the burners become greasy, remove and wash them thoroughly in soap and hot water. Never black the burners or top grates. The broiler pan and rack should be kept out of the range when oven is being used or it will rust, warp or chip. It requires the same care any kitchen enamel ware does. Always leave oven and broiler doors open for a few minutes after lighting the oven burners and after extinguishing them. This will dry the inside of the range and prevent rusting. USE OF THE RANGE With reasonable care gas is much cheaper for household cooking than any other fuel. Every range should be equipped with a top burner lighter which is convenient and economical, as it is just as easy to light a burner as to leave it burning. Never turn on the gas until you are ready to use it. Turn off the gas as soon as you are through with it.