Franco-Gallia : $b or, an account of the ancient free state of France, and most other parts of Europe, before the loss of their libertiesHotman, François
History
Franco-Gallia : $b or, an account of the ancient free state of France, and most other parts of Europe, before the loss of their liberties
Hotman, François
Constitutional history -- France; France -- Politics and government
Besides, he
speaks precisely only of those _Gauls_ who were Borderers and next
Neighbours to the _Massilians_, of whom he says, that not only many of
their private Men, but even their Cities (by publick Decrees, and
proposing great Rewards) invited several Learned Men of _Massilia_ to
instruct their Youth.
It remains that we shou'd clear that place in _Caesar_, where he tells us
the _Gauls_, in their publick and private Reckonings, _Graecis literis
usos fuisse_. But let us see whether the word _Graecis_ in that place
ought not to be left out, not only as _unnecessary_ but _surreptitious_.
Since it was sufficient to express _Caesar_'s Meaning to have said, that
the _Gauls_ made no use of _Letters_ or _Writing_ in the Learning of the
_Druids_, but in all other Matters, and in publick and private Accounts,
they did make use of _Writing_: For _uti litteris, to use Letters_, is a
frequent Expression for _Writing_ among Latin Authors. Besides, it had
been a Contradiction to say the _Gauls_ were unskill'd in the _Greek_
Tongue, as _Caesar_ had averr'd a little before; and afterwards to say,
that they wrote all their publick and private Accounts in _Greek_. As to
what many suppose, that the words _literis Graecis_ in that place, are
not to be taken for _Writing Greek_, but only for the _Characters_ of
the _Letters_; I can less approve of this Explanation than the former;
because though many ancient Writers (as we just now said) frequently
used the Expression, _Uti litteris_ for _Scribere_; yet I never
observ'd, that any of them ever used it to signify the _Forms_ and
_Fashions_ of the _Characters_. Neither does it make at all for their
Opinion, what _Caesar_ says in the First Book of his Commentaries, _viz._
That there were found in the _Helvetian_ Camp, Tablets, _literis Graecis
conscriptas_; as if the same Person, who had learnt to make use of the
_Greek Forms_ of _Characters_, might not as easily have learnt the
_Greek Language_; or as if there might not be among the _Helvetii_,
_Priests_ or _Gentlemens Sons_, who might then have learnt _Greek_, as
our's now learn _Latin_; _Greek_ being at that Time a Language in Vogue
and Esteem. The very Neighbourhood of the School of _Massilia_ is
sufficient to confute that Opinion: And therefore _Caesar_, when he
speaks of his own Letter to _Cicero_, tells us, he sent that Letter
written in _Greek Characters_, lest (in case it were intercepted) his
Designs shou'd be discover'd by the Enemy. _Justinius_, lib. 20. says,
there was a Decree of the Senate made, that no _Carthaginian_, after
that Time, shou'd study the [Footnote: _Graecis literas._] _Greek Language_
or _Writing_, lest he shou'd be able to speak or write to the Enemy
without an Interpreter. _Tacitus_, in his Book _de moribus Germanorum_,
tells us, that several Tombs and Monuments were yet to be seen in the
Confines of _Germany_ and _Swisserland_ with _Greek_ Inscriptions on
them. _Livius_, lib. 9. says, The _Roman_ Boys formerly studied the
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