Four plates give “eight different designs of French Elbow Chairs, of various patterns, which I hope will be of great use, if properly applied. Some of those chairs are design’d to be open below at the seat, which greatly lightens them, and has no ill effect. The common sizes are as follows: 2 foot, 3 inches in front, 1 foot, 11 inches over behind; 1 foot, 10 inches from the front of the back to the front of the seat rail. The seat is 1 foot, 2½ inches high; the height of the back, from the seat, is 2 feet, 3 inches; but those dimensions differ according as the rooms are larger, or smaller: the ornaments on the backs and seats are in imitation of tapestry, or needlework. The carving may be lessened by an ingenious workman without detriment to the Chair.” [Illustration: PLATE XL] The full drawing to the reader’s right on Plate XXXVIII. shows a Gothic chair. Nos. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are typical chair backs, No. 5 being “Chinese,” as is plainly shown by its fret-work and mandarin hats. Nos. 3 and 4 are the legs of “Chinese chairs,” and No. 9 the leg of a “French chair.” In not one of Chippendale’s drawings of chairs does the simple ball-and-claw foot occur. In one or two instances, however, there is a lion’s claw, or paw. We find the straight, square leg; the straight leg carved with a chute of husks and resting on a square base; the cabriole leg, ending in a kind of scroll and resting upon a leaf; a leg resting upon a shell; a leg formed of a bunch of reeds wrapped with a ribbon; a leg ending in a hoof, with a ram’s head carved on the spring of the cabriole knee, a lion’s claw holding a very flat ball; and a leg upon which a curious sort of wingless dragon is crawling. (See Plate XXXVIII., No. 9.) Another leg shows a dolphin’s tail gracefully carved upon a cabriole curve, while his head is used for the foot. In another chair the dolphin’s tail is used for the foot. Fret-work is used in the Gothic and Chinese designs.