"Varieties" are ignored in this list, because they are not considered to have a geographical significance. The parts of India that are least known as regards the freshwater representatives of the groups under consideration are the valley of the Indus, the lakes of Kashmir and other parts of the Himalayas, the centre of the Peninsula, and the basin of the Brahmaputra. Those that are best known are the districts round Bombay, Calcutta, Madras and Bangalore, Travancore and Northern Tenasserim. Little is known as regards Ceylon, and almost nothing as regards the countries that surround the Indian Empire, a few species only having been recorded from Yunnan and the Malay Peninsula, none from Persia, Afghanistan, or Eastern Turkestan, and only one from Tibet. Professor Max Weber's researches have, however, taught us something as regards Sumatra and Java, while the results of various expeditions to Tropical Africa are beginning to cast light on the lower invertebrates of the great lakes in the centre of that continent and of the basin of the Nile. It is not known to what altitude the three groups range in the Himalayas and the hills of Southern India. No sponge has been found in Indian territory at an altitude higher than that of Bhim Tal in Kumaon (4,500 feet), and _Hydra_ is only known from the plains; but a variety of _H. oligactis_ was taken by Capt. F. H. Stewart in Tibet at an altitude of about 15,000 feet. _Plumatella diffusa_ flourishes at Gangtok in Sikhim (6,100 feet), and I have found statoblasts of _P. fruticosa_ in the neighbourhood of Simla on the surface of a pond situated at an altitude of about 8,000 feet; Mr. R. Kirkpatrick obtained specimens of the genus in the Botanical Gardens at Darjiling (6,900 feet), and two species have been found at Kurseong (4,500-5,000 feet) in the same district. GEOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE FRESHWATER SPONGES, HYDROIDS, AND POLYZOA OF INDIA, BURMA, AND CEYLON. [A * indicates that a species or subspecies has only been found in one physiographical region or subregion so far as the Indian Empire is concerned; a ! that the species has also been found in Europe, a $ in North America, a + in Africa, and a @ in the Malay Archipelago.] 1. Western Frontier Territory[C]. (Baluchistan, the Punjab, and the N.W. Frontier Province.) [Footnote C: I include Baluchistan in this territory largely for climatic reasons.] SPONGES:-- 1. _Spongilla_ (_Eunapius_) _carteri_!@ (Lahore). HYDROIDS:-- 1. _Hydra oligactis_!$ (Lahore). POLYZOA:-- 1. _Plumatella fruticosa_!$ (Lahore). 2. _Plumatella diffusa_!$ (Lahore). 2. Western Himalayan Territory. (Himalayas from Hazara eastwards as far as Nepal.) SPONGES:-- 1. _Spongilla_ (_Eunapius_) _carteri_!@ (Bhim Tal). 2. _Ephydatia meyeni_@ (Bhim Tal). HYDROIDS:--None known (_Hydra oligactis_ recorded from Tibet).