Young individuals are often, and adults occasionally, found floating
free in the water, either with the mouth uppermost and the tentacles
extended so as to cover as large an area as possible or with the aboral
pole at the surface. In the former case they float in mid-water, being
of nearly the same specific gravity as the water, and are carried about
by any movement set up in it. In the latter case, however, the base of
the column is actually attached to some small object such as the cast
skin of a water-flea or to a minute drop of mucus originally given out
by the polyp's own mouth; the tentacles either hang downwards or are
spread out round the mouth, and the animal is carried about by wind or
other agencies acting on the surface.
In addition to this passive method of progression the polyp can crawl
with considerable rapidity. In doing so it bends its column down to the
object along which it is about to move in such a way that it lies almost
parallel to the surface, the basal disk, however, being still attached.
The tentacles are then extended and attach themselves near the tips to
the surface a considerable distance away. Attachment is effected by the
secretion of minute drops of adhesive substance from gland-cells. The
basal disk is liberated and the tentacles contract, dragging the column,
which still lies prone, along as they do so. The basal disk again
affixes itself, the tentacles wrench themselves free, the surface of
their cells being often drawn out in the process into pseudopodia-like
projections, which of course are not true pseudopodia[AS] but merely
projections produced by the mechanical strain. The whole action is then
repeated. The polyp can also pull itself across a space such as that
between two stems or leaves by stretching out one of its tentacles,
fixing the tip to the object it desires to reach, pulling itself free
from its former point of attachment, and dragging itself across by
contracting the fixed tentacle. The basal disk is then turned round and
fixed to the new support.
[Footnote AS: See Zykoff, Biol. Centralbl. xviii, p. 272
(1898), and Annandale, Rec. Ind. Mus. i, p. 67 (1907).]
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