As soon as the prey adheres firmly to the tentacles and has become
paralysed it is brought to the mouth by their contracting strongly and
is involved in a mass of colourless mucus extruded from the digestive
cavity. Partly by the contraction of muscle-fibres in the body-wall and
partly by movements of the mouth itself assisted by the mucus, which
apparently remains attached to the walls of the cavity, the food is
brought into the mouth. If it is at all bulky, it remains in the upper
part of the cavity, the gland-cells pouring out a digestive fluid upon
it and so dissolving out soluble substances. A large share of the
substances thus prepared falls down to the bottom of the cavity and are
there digested by the endoderm cells. The insoluble parts of the food
are, however, ejected from the mouth without ever reaching the base of
the cavity.
The colour of the polyp appears to be due mainly to the results of
digestion. Brown or orange individuals recently captured in a pond and
kept in favourable conditions take three or four days to digest their
food, and the excreta ejected from the mouth then take the form of a
white flocculent mass. If, however, the same individuals are kept for
long in a glass aquarium, they lose their colour, even though they feed
readily. Digestion is then a much more rapid process, and the excreta
contain minute, irregular, coloured granules, which appear to be
identical with those contained in the endoderm cells of individuals that
have recently digested a meal fully. Starved individuals are always
nearly colourless. It seems, therefore, that in this species colour is
due directly to the products of digestion, and that digestion does not
take place so fully in unfavourable conditions or at a high temperature
as it does in more healthy circumstances. The dark green colour of some
polyps is, however, less easily explained. I have noticed that all the
individuals which have produced eggs in my aquarium have been of this
colour, which they have retained in spite of captivity; whereas
individuals that produced spermatozoa often lost their colour completely
before doing so, sometimes becoming of a milky white owing to the
accumulation of minute drops of liquid in their endoderm cells. Even in
green individuals there is never any trace in the cells of coloured
bodies of a definite form.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account