Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychologyMurray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Science
Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychology
Murray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Fröbel, Friedrich, 1782-1852; Psychology
“I am convinced, and I wish that all teachers, and especially
all mothers, shared in the conviction, that the very earliest
phenomena of child-life are _full of symbolic meaning_, that
is to say, they indicate the higher, the intellectual life in
the child and his individual peculiarities at the same time.
Our duty is to search in everything for its ultimate basis,
its point of origin, its well-spring; and to make clear the
connection between the outward manifestation and its inward
cause.”--_L., p. 101._
What Froebel deduced from the incident was that the child looks not only
at the appearance of the swinging ball, but for the cause of the swinging
phenomenon, the supporting, moving hand. So it is plain that for “full
of symbolism” we should here read “full of significance.” Or, again, in
his excellent sketch of early boyhood, with its desire to share the work
of the father, its desire to explore, to collect, to construct, etc.,
Froebel concludes:
“Thus it is certain that very many of the boy’s actions have
an inner, an intellectual importance, that they indicate his
mental tendencies and are therefore _symbolical_.”--_E., p.
118._
Here, again, _significant_ would be a better English translation than
_symbolical_.
Again, in accordance with his belief in instinct, Froebel declares that
it is his “firm conviction that wherever we find anything that gives
children ever freshly a joy belonging to real life there is at the bottom
of it something important for a child’s life.” When he sees that children
often enjoy going to church and joining in the singing at an age when
the words can have no meaning, he says: “All the spontaneous activity of
child-life is _symbolical_ (Sinnbildlich).” But there is not a word of
anything that is ordinarily called “symbolical” in what follows, so far
as the child is concerned. The little one is supposed to have “reached
a new life-stage,” viz. “the dim anticipation that he is not alone in
life, but one amid mankind.” Consequently he is attracted by “assembly
life.” The most ardent believer in symbolism can make little of the very
practical answers the mother is told to give to the child’s questions.
He is to be answered “out of the range of his own experience, feelings
and ideas, his own intellectual development and necessities.” He is to be
told that when he is old enough to go to church, he will not only like to
hear the organ, but will find out “why flowers bloom and birdies sing and
why we still remember Christmas Day.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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