Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychologyMurray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Science
Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychology
Murray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Fröbel, Friedrich, 1782-1852; Psychology
“You can see how his bodily activity, the movement and use of
his limbs, like the activity of his senses, all turn towards
one point: Life must be grasped, experienced and perceived …
he wants to appropriate the outer and to re-embody it … his
susceptibility for all that gives and takes up life will strike
you as something that elevates his life in every way; even
as young plants and animals are susceptible to the faintest
workings of light and warmth, or the impressions of their
environment, however delicate. Moreover, this receptivity
is most closely related to great general excitability and
sensibility (Erregbarkeit, Reizbarkeit).”--_M., pp. 119-121._
Froebel’s views as to the nature both of early and of later mental
activity then bear a strong resemblance to the modern view as stated by
Professor Stout.[14]
In searching Froebel’s writings to find what he has to say about the
stages lying between early mental activity and fully developed will,
between what he calls “natural activity of the will, and true genuine
firmness of will,” it soon becomes clear that it is impossible to
separate what is said about will development, from what is said about
intellectual development.[15] This is a natural consequence of Froebel’s
constant insistence on the unity of consciousness, and it is the position
of modern psychology, whether written from the analytic or the genetic
point of view. Mr. Irving King writes: “The functional point of view
emphasizes first of all the intimate inter-relation of all forms of
mental activity and the impossibility of describing any one aspect
of consciousness except with reference to consciousness as a whole.”
Professor Stout, in his “Analytic Psychology,” has a section entitled
“Conation and Cognition developed co-incidentally,”[16] while Froebel
says:
“Thought must form itself in action, and action resolve and
clear itself in thought.”--_P., p. 42._
Froebel speaks of his projected institution at Helba as “fundamental,”
“inasmuch as in training and instruction it will rest on the
foundation from which proceed all genuine knowledge and all
genuine practical attainments; it will rest on life itself
and on creative efforts, _on the union and interdependence of
doing and thinking_, representation and knowledge, art and
science. The institution will base its work on the pupil’s
personal efforts in work and expression, making these, again,
the foundation of all genuine knowledge and culture. Joined
with thoughtfulness, these efforts become a direct medium of
culture.”--_E., p. 38._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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