Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychologyMurray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Science
Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychology
Murray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Fröbel, Friedrich, 1782-1852; Psychology
“cares for the use of his body, his senses and limbs, merely
for the sake of their use and practice, but not for the sake of
the results of this use. He is wholly indifferent to this; _or,
rather, he has as yet no idea whatever of this_.”--_P., p. 48._
Now, in the paper on movement, he goes on:
“Each sure and independent movement gives the child pleasure,
because of the feeling of power which it arouses in him.
Even simple walking produces this effect, for it gives the
child a threefold feeling, a threefold consciousness: First,
the consciousness that he _moves_ himself; secondly, that he
moves himself from one place to another; third, that through
this movement he attains or reaches something.… It is a
well-established fact that his first walking gives the child
pleasure as an expression of his power. _To this pleasure,
however, are soon added the two joy-bringing perceptions of
coming to something, and of being able to attain something._
These several perceptions should all be fostered at the same
time … he should get his limbs, and indeed his whole body,
into his own power. He should learn to use his bodily strength
and the activity of his limbs for definite purposes.… _The
effort to reach a particular object may have its source in the
child’s desire to hold himself firm and upright by it, but we
also observe that it gives him pleasure to be actually near
the object, to touch it, to feel it, to grasp it, and perhaps
also--which is a new phase of activity--to be able to move it._
Hence we see that the child when he has reached the desired
object, hops up and down before it, and beats on it with his
little arms and hands, in order, as it were, to assure himself
of the reality of the object and to notice its qualities. It is
well, _while the child is making these experiments_, to name
the object and its parts. _The object of giving these names is
not primarily the development of the child’s power of speech,
but to assist his comprehension of the object_, its parts and
its properties, _by defining his sense-impressions_.”--_P., p.
241._
Another passage runs:
“The present effort of mankind is an endeavour after freer
self-development.… Therefore the more or less clear aim of the
individual is to attain to clearness about himself and about
life, to comprehension and right use of life, to both insight
and accomplishment.… Therefore the educator must understand the
earliest activity and encourage the impulse to self-culture,
through independent doing, observing and experimenting.”--_P.,
p. 16._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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