Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychologyMurray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Science
Froebel as a pioneer in modern psychology
Murray, E. R. (Elsie Riach)
Fröbel, Friedrich, 1782-1852; Psychology
“I have already said that this little game arose because people
felt that a child’s love of activity, and his striving to get
the use of his limbs, ought to be carried on in such a way
as to lift him at once into the complexity of the life which
surrounds him.… Pray do not disturb them in their ingenious
charming play (saying grace over the dolls’ feast), but rather
avoid noticing it if you cannot identify yourself with its
charm.… For how is your child to cultivate in himself the
feeling of what is holy, if you will not grant that it takes
form for him in all its purity in his innocent games.”--_M., p.
148._
“What man tries to represent he begins to understand.”--_E., p.
76._
Representation, however, may be carried out in many ways, by the use of
material, as well as by bodily action so that the constructive instinct
also subserves that of investigation.
“To grasp a thing through life and action is much more
developing, cultivating and strengthening than merely to
receive it through the verbal communication of ideas.
Similarly, representation of a thing by material means, in life
and action, united with thought and speech, is more developing
than merely verbal representation of ideas.”--_E., p. 279._
“The child must perceive and grasp his own life in an objective
manifestation before he can perceive and grasp it in himself.
This law of development, prescribed by Nature and by the
essential character of the child, must always be respected and
obeyed by the true educator. Its recognition is the aim of my
gifts and games apprehended relatively to the educator.”--_P.,
p. 38._
Here Froebel has plainly stated the main object of his specially selected
play-material. The ordinary parent not being “the man advanced in
insight,” who “makes clear to himself the purpose of playthings,” Froebel
often saw children supplied with expensive but unsuitable toys, toys
which would not bring the child any nearer his destination, “to have
power and understanding, to become ever more and more self-conscious and
self-determining.”
“Here, then, we meet as a great imperfection in ordinary
playthings, a disturbing element which slumbers like a viper
under roses, viz. that it is too complex, too much finished.
The child can begin no new thing with it, cannot produce enough
variety by it; his power of creative imagination, his power of
giving outward form to his own idea is thus actually deadened.
When we provide children with too finished playthings, we
deprive them of the incentive to perceive the particular in
the general (_P., p. 122_).… What presents are most prized
by the child? Those which afford him a means of unfolding
his inner life most freely and of shaping it in various
directions.”--_P., p. 142._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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