From an Easy ChairLankester, E. Ray (Edwin Ray), Sir
History
From an Easy Chair
Lankester, E. Ray (Edwin Ray), Sir
Natural history; Science
The best golf-player does not think, as he plays his stroke, of the
hundred-and-one muscular contractions which, accurately co-ordinated,
result in his making a fine drive or a perfect approach; nor does the
pianist examine the order of movement of his fingers. His “sub-liminal
self,” his “unconscious cerebration,” attends to these details without
his conscious intervention, and all the better for the absence of
what the nerve-physiologists call “cerebral inhibition”--that is to
say, the delay or arrest due to the sending round of the message or
order to the muscles by way of the higher brain-centres, instead of
letting it go directly from a lower centre without the intervention
of the seats of attention and consciousness. The sneezing caused in
most people by a pinch of ordinary snuff can be rendered impossible by
“cerebral inhibition,” set up by a wager with the snuff-taking victim
that he will fail to sneeze in three minutes, however much snuff he
may take. His attention to the mechanism of the anticipated sneeze,
and his desire for it, inhibit the whole apparatus. So long as you can
make him anxious to sneeze and fix his attention on the effort to do
so, by a judicious exhortation at intervals, he will not succeed in
sneezing. When the three minutes are up, and you both have ceased to
be interested in the matter, he will probably sneeze unexpectedly and
sharply. I was set on to this train of thought by a recent visit to an
exhibition of photographs.
There were many very interesting illustrations of the application of
photography to scientific investigation. Among others I saw a fine
enlarged photograph of the common millipede (Julus terrestris), and my
desire was renewed to have a bioscopic film-series of the movements
of this creature’s legs. Some years ago I attempted to analyse, and
published an account of, the regular rhythmic movement of the legs
of millipedes. I found that the “phases” of forward and backward
swing are presented in groups of twelve pairs of legs, each pair of
legs being in the same phase of movement as the twelfth pair beyond
it. But instantaneous photography would give complete certainty about
the movement in this case, and in the case of the even more beautiful
“rippling” movement of the legs of some of the marine worms. Some
kindly photographer might take up the investigation and prepare a
series of films. The problem is raised and the effects of “cerebral
inhibition” described in a little poem which I am told we owe to the
author of “Lorna Doone.” As it is not widely known, I give it here as a
record of “cerebral inhibition”:
“A centipede was happy ’til
One day a toad in fun
Said, ‘Pray which leg moves after which?’
This raised her doubts to such a pitch
She fell exhausted in the ditch,
Not knowing how to run.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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