Inventors -- United States -- Biography; Pupin, Michael, 1858-1935
The breakdown of the air-gap in the electrical oscillator and the
consequent suspension of the action of the electrical generator is
analogous to the removing of the pressure of the fingers from the
prongs of the tuning-fork. The electrical charges on the spheres
with the lines of force attached to them, strained by tensions and
compressions, are released, and they move toward each other through
the conducting air-gap. Just as the prongs of the tuning-fork,
after the pressure of the fingers has been removed, cannot remain
in the strained position in which they have been bent, so the
electrical lines of force, after the insulating air-gap has broken
down and the action of the machine been suspended, cannot remain
in the position to which they are stretched; they contract, and
hence their positive terminals on one sphere and the negative on
the other move toward each other. The motion of the strained lines
of force with their terminals, the charges on the spheres, has a
momentum. Maxwell was the first to show that the momentum of the
moving electrical lines of force is equal to the number of magnetic
lines of force which, according to Oerstedt’s discovery, are
produced by the motion of the electrical lines of force.
The motion of the electrical lines of force has not only momentum
but also energy. Employing Faraday’s mode of expression we can say
that the electrical energy of the stretched electrical lines of
force is thus transformed into energy of the electrical motions.
This is perfectly analogous to the passage of the elastic energy
of the bent prongs of the tuning-fork into the energy of motion
of the moving mass of these prongs. Again, just as the momentum
of the moving mass of the tuning-fork bends the prongs in the
opposite direction and continues this bending until that motion
has disappeared, so the momentum of the moving electrical lines of
force will stretch again the electrical lines of force and continue
this stretching until the energy of motion has disappeared, when
the two spheres are charged again, but in the direction which is
opposite to that in the beginning. A new cycle of electrical motion
is then started again by the stretched electrical lines of force,
repeating itself in an oscillatory fashion until the original
electrical energy, produced by the charging electrical machine, has
disappeared.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account