From trail to railway through the AppalachiansBrigham, Albert Perry
History
From trail to railway through the Appalachians
Brigham, Albert Perry
Appalachian Mountains; Atlantic States -- Description and travel; Ohio River Valley -- Description and travel
From Brownsville the pike leads over the hills and comes down to the
Ohio river at Wheeling, West Virginia. It then passes on through
Ohio, touching Columbus, the capital, on the way to Indiana and the
Mississippi.
We sometimes admire the cars marked with the sign of the United
States post office, which we see drawn by a swift locomotive at a
speed of sixty miles an hour; but when the government put its mail
coaches on the National Road from Washington to Wheeling, no doubt
they seemed quite as wonderful to the people of that time. And it
was only twenty-five years since the people of Utica had thought
it so remarkable that six letters had come to them in one mail!
Soon passenger coaches were rushing along at ten miles an hour, and
sometimes even faster. There were canvas-covered freight wagons, each
of which carried ten tons, had rear wheels ten feet high, and was drawn
by twelve horses. In those days life was full of stirring interest on
the National Road.
[Illustration: FIG. 36. CUMBERLAND AND THE GAP IN WILLS MOUNTAIN]
There were rates of toll for all sorts of animals and wagons. The toll
was higher for hogs than for sheep, and more was charged for cattle
than for hogs. If the wagons had very wide tires, no toll was demanded.
Drivers sometimes lied about the number of people in their stages,
so as to pay less toll. The stages were not owned by the drivers
but by companies, which bid for travelers and freight, as railways
do now. There were penalties for injuring milestones or defacing
bridges, showing that some people then were like some people now.
The companies had interesting names. There were the “Good Intent,”
“Ohio National Stage Lines,” the “Pilot,” “Pioneer,” “June Bug,” and
“Defiance.” Not one of them cared for mud or dust, for horses or men,
if only it could be the first to reach its destination. There must have
been dust enough, for twenty coaches with their many horses sometimes
followed one another in a close line.
[Illustration: FIG. 37. BRIDGE AND MONUMENT, NATIONAL ROAD, NEAR
WHEELING, WEST VIRGINIA]
Henry Clay was one of the chief advocates of this road, and a monument
built in his honor may be seen near the bridge, shown in Fig. 37. It
is a few miles east of Wheeling. At Brownsville a small stream called
Dunlap’s creek flows into the Monongahela from the east. Over it is an
iron bridge on the line of the National Road. According to a story told
in Brownsville, Henry Clay was once overturned as he was riding through
the creek before the bridge was built. As he gathered himself up he
was heard to say, “Clay and mud shall not be mixed here again.” The
story goes that he went on immediately to Washington and got an order
for the building of the bridge.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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