Fungi: Their Nature and UsesCooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Science
Fungi: Their Nature and Uses
Cooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Fungi
Before being submitted to the action of water, the contents of the
sporidia seemed formed of two distinct parts, one big drop of yellow
oil of the same form as the sporidium, with the space between it and
the cell wall occupied by a clear liquid, more fluid and less
refractive, nearly colourless, or at times slightly roseate. As the
membrane absorbed the water by which it was surrounded, the quantity
of this clear liquid was augmented, and the rosy tint could be more
easily distinguished. All the contents of the spore, which up to this
time remained divided into two parts, presented altogether one aspect,
only containing numerous granulations, nearly of equal size,
completely filling it, and reaching the inner face of the sporic
membrane.
After this time the sporidium augments in size very rapidly, becoming
at times irregular, and sometimes even as much as from two to three
times its original dimensions, then there appears at the surface,
usually at one of the poles of the ellipse, a small prominence, with
an extremely fine membrane, which does not appear to separate itself
from that which surrounds the sporidium, and it is difficult to say
whether it is a prolongation of the internal membrane going across the
outside, or simply a prolongation caused by a continuation of tissue
of an unique membrane. Sometimes there may be seen at the point where
the primal filament issues from the sporidium a circular mark, which
appears to indicate the rupture of the external membrane. From this
time another change comes over the contents. We again find the yellow
oily liquid, now occupying the external position, with some drops of
colourless or roseate liquid in the centre, so that the oily liquid
and the more limpid fluid interchange the positions which they
occupied previous to the commencement of germination. Whether these
two fluids have undergone any change in their constitution is
difficult to determine, at all events the oily liquid appears to be
less refractive and more granular, and it may be that it is a product
of new formation, containing some of the elements of the primitive
oily drop. Having regard to the delicate character of the membrane of
the germinating filaments, De Seynes supposed that it might offer
greater facility for the entrance of water by endosmose, and account
for the rapid enlargement of the sporidia. By a series of experiments
he became satisfied that this was the case to a considerable extent,
but he adds:--"I cannot help supposing that a greater absorption of
greasy matter in the cell which is the first product of germination
raises an objection to an aqueous endosmose. One can also see in this
experience a proof of the existence of two special membranes, and so
suppose that the germinative cell is the continuation of the internal
membrane, the external membrane alone being susceptible of absorbing
the liquids, at least with a certain rapidity."
[Illustration: FIG. 94.--Sporidium of _Ascobolus_ germinating.]
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