Fungi: Their Nature and UsesCooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Science
Fungi: Their Nature and Uses
Cooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Fungi
In other _Discomycetes_ germination takes place in a similar manner.
Boudier[P] narrates that in _Ascobolus_, when once the spore reaches a
favourable place, if the circumstances are good, _i.e._, if the
temperature is sufficiently high and the moisture sufficient, it will
germinate. The time necessary for this purpose is variable, some hours
sufficing for some species; those of _A. viridis_, for example,
germinate in eight or ten hours, doubtless because, being terrestrial,
it has in consequence less heat. The spore slightly augments in size,
then opens, generally at one or other extremity, sometimes at two, or
at any point on its surface, in order to pass the mycelium tubes. At
first simple, without septa, and granular in the interior, above all
at the extremity, these tubes, the rudiment of the mycelium, are not
long in elongating, in branching, and later in having partitions.
These filaments are always colourless, only the spore may be coloured,
or not. Coemans has described them as giving rise to two kinds of
conidia,[Q] the one having the form of _Torula_, when they give rise
to continuous filaments, the other in the form of _Penicillium_, when
they give birth to partitioned filaments. De Seynes could never obtain
this result. Many times he had seen the _Penicillium glaucum_ invade
his sowings, but he feels confident that it had nothing to do with the
_Ascobolus_. M. Woronin[R] has detailed some observations on the
sexual phenomena which he has observed in _Ascobolus_ and _Peziza_,
and so far as the scolecite is concerned these have been confirmed by
M. Boudier.
There is no reason for doubt that in other of the _Discomycetes_ the
germination of the sporidia is very similar to that already seen and
described, whilst in the _Pyrenomycetes_, as far as we are aware,
although the production of germinating tubes is by no means difficult,
development has not been traced beyond this stage.[S]
[A] Seynes, J. de, "Essai d'une Flore Mycologique de la Montpellier,"
&c. (1863), p. 30.
[B] Hoffman, "Icones Analyticæ Fungorum."
[C] The spores of Agarics which are devoured by flies, however,
though returned in their dung in an apparently perfect state,
are quite effete. It is, we believe, principally by the
_Syrphidæ_, which devour pollen, that fungus spores are
consumed.
[D] All attempts at Chiswick failed with some of the more esculent
species, and Mr. Ingram at Belvoir, and the late Mr. Henderson
at Milton, were unsuccessful with native and imported spawn.
[E] Tulasne, "On the Organization of the Tremellini," "Ann. des. Sci.
Nat." 3^me sér. xix. (1853), p. 193.
[F] Tulasne, "Mémoire sur les Urédinées."
[G] Tulasne, in his "Memoirs on the Uredines."
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