The heads of the hammers were covered with hard and soft leather to
give a loud or soft tone. The instrument in the illustration was
probably made from 1820 to 1830, during which time the dulcimer was
quite popular, especially in the country, where the piano was too
costly a luxury.
[Illustration: Illus. 299.—Harmonica, or Musical Glasses, about 1820.]
Music-books were published for the dulcimer, and it retained some
popularity in country villages until ousted by the melodeon.
Illustration 299 shows a set of musical glasses called a harmonica.
The fine ladies in “The Vicar of Wakefield” would talk of nothing but
“pictures, taste, Shakespeare, and the musical glasses.” This was in
1761, and the musical glasses were fashionable before that, for Gluck
in 1746 played “a concerto on twenty-six drinking glasses, tuned with
spring water.” Franklin invented an instrument for the musical glasses,
which he called the Armonica, for which famous composers wrote music,
and in which the glasses were arranged upon a rod which turned with a
crank, while below was a trough of water which moistened the glasses as
they dipped into it.
[Illustration: Illus. 300.—Music-stand, 1805.]
There is a Franklin Armonica in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the
Brown collection. In Watson’s “Annals” is a description of a visit to
Franklin in Paris. It says: “He conducted me across the room to an
instrument of his own invention which he called the ‘Armonica.’ The
music was produced by a peculiar combination of hemispherical glasses.
He played upon it and performed some Scotch pastorales with great
effect. The exhibition was truly striking.”
The box in Illustration 299 holds twenty-four glasses, which, when
used, are filled with water, and are tuned by the amount in each
glass. The finger is dipped in the water and rubbed on the edge of
the glass, producing a sound of penetrating tone. The stand and box
in this illustration are of mahogany, and make an ornamental piece of
furniture.
A stand for music is shown in Illustration 300, owned by J. J. Gilbert,
Esq., of Baltimore. It is elegant in design and possesses also the very
desirable merit in a rest for music, of standing firmly upon its four
lion’s claw feet, with the heavy turned and reeded post to support the
top and the lyre-shaped music rack.
[Illustration: Illus. 301.—Music-stand, 1800-1820.]
The mahogany case for music books in Illustration 301 is owned by
Dwight M. Prouty, Esq. It has a drawer for sheet music and a shelf
below, beside the five compartments for books, with the lyre-shaped
divisions of solid wood, and the ends open, with lyre strings of wood.
[Illustration: Illus. 302.—Harp-shaped Piano, about 1800.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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