Gandhi and AnarchySankaran Nair, C. (Chettur), Sir
History
Gandhi and Anarchy
Sankaran Nair, C. (Chettur), Sir
Gandhi, Mahatma, 1869-1948 -- Political and social views; India -- Politics and government -- 1919-1947
"The All-India Congress Committee have carefully considered the
resolutions passed by the Working Committee at its meeting held at
Bardoli on the 11th and 12th instant, confirms the said resolutions
with the modifications noted herein and _further resolves that
individual civil disobedience whether of a defensive or aggressive
character, may be commenced in respect of particular places or
particular laws, at the instance of, and upon permission being granted
therefore, by the respective provincial Committee_.
"Provided that such civil disobedience shall not be permitted unless all
the conditions laid down by the Congress or the All-India Congress
Committee or the Working Committee are strictly fulfilled.
"Reports having been received from various quarters that picketing
regarding foreign cloth is as necessary as liquor picketing, the
All-India Congress Committee _authorises such picketing_ of a bona fide
character on the same terms as liquor picketing mentioned in the
Bardoli resolutions.
"The All-India Congress Committee wishes it to be understood that the
resolutions of the Working Committee do not mean an abandonment of the
original Congress programme of non-co-operation or the permanent
abandonment of mass civil disobedience, but considers that an
atmosphere of necessary mass non-violence can be established by the
workers concentrating upon the constructive programme framed by the
Working committee at Bardoli. The All-India Congress Committee holds
civil _disobedience to be the right and duty of the people to be
exercised and performed whenever the State opposed the declared will of
the people_."
INDIVIDUAL CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE
Note.--Individual civil disobedience is disobedience of orders or laws
by a single individual or an ascertained number or group of
individuals. Therefore, a prohibited public meeting where admission is
regulated by tickets and to which no unauthorised admission is allowed,
is an instance of individual civil disobedience whereas a prohibited
meeting to which the general public is admitted without any
restriction, is an instance of mass civil disobedience.
Such civil disobedience is defensive, when a prohibited public meeting
is held for conducting a normal activity although it may result in
arrest. It would be aggressive, if it is held, not for any activity,
but merely for the purpose of courting arrest and imprisonment.
This shows that there is practically no change in the situation. This
may be read with the resolution of the congress 28th Dec. 1921 (App.
XX). Gandhi's agitation continues revolutionary.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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