General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
It is not only at their exit that the spinal nerves thus communicate.
The different cords of which each nerve is formed have precisely the
same arrangement, as may be easily seen in the great trunks, as in
the median, the cubital, the radial and especially the sciatic. By
separating the different cords of these nerves, we see that they are
not only in apposition longitudinally, but that they send numerous
filaments to each other. These communications do not resemble those
of the arteries, in which there is always continuity between the
communicating branches. Here there is only contiguity, and each of
the cords forming the nervous trunk is, as we shall see, composed
of filaments; now it is these filaments that frequently go from the
cord to which they belong to a neighbouring one; so that after a
short distance, the cords that began the nerve are not composed of
the same filaments as those that finish it; the whole becomes mingled
together in the course of the nerve. Thus the cords of the branches
of the brachial plexus, at its origin, are not arranged like those of
the branches that terminate it. For there is this difference between
the very evident plexuses formed by the nerves themselves and those
that are less evident formed during their course in their interior
even, viz. that in the first, it is the cords that go off and form
the interlacing, and in the second it is the filaments. I once amused
myself in tracing the filaments of the sciatic for a short distance;
now those which composed above the external cords, were found for the
most part below in the cords of the centre.
This remark proves that there are not nervous cords destined to
sensation and others to motion, and that if the same nerves do not
serve the double use, the difference is in the filaments, and not in
the cords.
In the interior of the vertebral canal, in which the nervous cords are
much insulated, for the want of cellular texture, the filaments that
compose them do not thus communicate with each other; there is not,
as without, a plexus in the interior of the nerve. This is remarked
particularly at the extremity of the canal, where the nerves run a long
course, as I have before said.
The communication of the nerves at their exit from their osseous
cavities is so general, that under this point of view it may be said
that they form on every side a kind of organ every where continuous,
an organ to which the optic, the olfactory, and the auditory nerves
only are strangers.
Besides, these kinds of communications, which are all made by
juxta-position, do not appear to have much influence upon the functions
of the nerves. Each of their cords, though belonging in its course
to many different trunks, can perform its functions in an insulated
manner; so can each filament, though concurring in its course to form
many cords of the same nerve.
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