General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
The nervous branches are almost all accompanied by an artery and a
vein, especially in the extremities; for in the trunk, there are
exceptions to this rule; in the neck, for example, the arteries often
cross the nerves at an angle, instead of accompanying them in their
course. In the head, many arterial branches are found thus separated
from the nervous. This circumstance is sufficient to make us attach
less importance than some authors have done, to this juxta-position of
the nervous and sanguineous systems. Moreover, if this juxta-position
was so essential, it would be seen with regard to the smaller branches;
but this never happens.
III. _Termination of the nerves._
I call that the termination, where each filament ends and not that only
where the whole trunk of the nerves terminates; so that the sciatic
terminates at the thigh, at the leg and at the foot, and not merely at
the extremity of this last. In fine, after what has been said already
and from what will be said further, the union of filaments into cords
and that of cords into trunks, is an arrangement disconnected with
their functions, and each filament should be examined separately.
The filaments of nerves have three different terminations. They are
continued, 1st. with other filaments of the same system; 2d. with the
filaments of the system of the ganglions; hence arise anastomoses. 3d.
They are lost in the organs.
_Anastomoses with the same system._
I have already observed, that true anastomoses should be distinguished,
from the junction of a cord that passes to a nerve more or less remote
from that to which it belongs, and which simply places itself by the
side of its filaments, so that it contributes with them to the nervous
cords. Thus there is no anastomosis in a plexus, in the union of the
chord of the tympanum with the lingual nerve, &c. So that though the
filaments of the different cords of a nerve pass frequently from one
to the other, so as to give to the nerve a net-work-like texture, and
not as anatomists say, a simple thread-like texture, still it cannot be
said that the cords of the same nerve anastomose with each other; there
is only juxta-position. On the other hand, the communication of the
great hypo-glossal with the cervical pairs, forms a true anastomosis,
because there is a continuity, and not merely contiguity of nervous
filaments.
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