General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
It does not appear that the texture of the ganglions is surrounded
by a peculiar membrane. The cellular texture is only condensed in
their neighbourhood; it then becomes very consistent, and much
contracted around them. It there has the nature of the sub-mucous,
the sub-arterial textures, &c.; it never contains fat. There is then
truly around the ganglions, as around the arteries, under the mucous
surfaces, &c. the two kinds of cellular texture of which we have
spoken in treating of the organization of this texture, and which
differ so essentially from each other in their nature, and even in
their properties. It is the second kind, which is analogous to the
sub-arterial texture, &c. which forms the peculiar membrane admitted by
some authors.
By examining attentively the interior of the ganglions, we see that
there is but very little cellular texture there. I have found this
texture constantly destitute of fat; thus the alkalies do not form a
saponaceous deposit upon them, as upon the cerebral nerves when plunged
in their solution. I have examined many ganglions in this way, on
account of the opinion of Scarpa, who believes that these organs are
penetrated with this fluid, at least in fat people.
The ganglions receive many blood vessels. These penetrate them from
all sides, run first in a kind of cellular covering that surrounds
them, then entering their texture, ramify and are lost there in
numerous anastomoses, and in continuation with the exhalants that carry
nutritive matter. Fine injections show a great quantity of vessels in
these little organs. Nutrition supposes exhalants and absorbents there.
III. _Properties._
It is difficult to analyze the properties of texture in the ganglions.
As to vital properties, they cannot grow, live and be nourished
without organic sensibility, and without insensible contractility
of the same kind. Animal and sensible organic contractility do not
exist there evidently. As to animal sensibility I have observed the
following circumstance. As in opening the abdomen of an animal, of a
dog, for example, he lives very well for some time, and remains even
calm after the first moments of suffering; I have waited for this calm
that succeeds the agitation arising from the incision of the abdominal
parietes, then laid the semi-lunar ganglion bare, and irritated it
powerfully; the animal is not agitated, whilst when I excite a cerebral
lumbar nerve, for comparison, he cries out, raises himself up and
struggles. In general it appears that the sensibility of the ganglions
is infinitely less evident than that of many other organs. Certainly
the skin, the mucous system, the medullary, the nervous of animal life,
&c. surpass it in this respect.
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