General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
3dly. In giving to each system a different organic arrangement, nature
has also endowed them with different properties. You will see in the
subsequent part of this work, that what we call _texture_ presents
degrees infinitely varying, from the muscles, the skin, the cellular
membrane, &c. which enjoy it in the highest degree, to the cartilages,
the tendons, the bones, &c. which are almost destitute of it. Shall I
speak of the vital properties? See the animal sensibility predominant
in the nerves, contractility of the same kind particularly marked in
the voluntary muscles, sensible organic contractility, forming the
peculiar property of the involuntary, insensible contractility and
sensibility of the same nature, which is not separated from it more
than from the preceding, characterizing especially the glands, the
skin, the serous surfaces, &c. &c. See each of these simple textures
combining, in different degrees, more or less of these properties, and
consequently living with more or less energy.
There is but little difference arising from the number of vital
properties they have in common; when these properties exist in many,
they take in each a peculiar and distinctive character. This character
is chronic, if I may so express myself, in the bones, the cartilages,
the tendons, &c.; it is acute in the muscles, the skin, the glands, &c.
Independently of this general difference, each texture has a particular
kind of force, of sensibility, &c. Upon this principle rests the whole
theory of secretion, of exhalation, of absorption, and of nutrition.
The blood is a common reservoir, from which each texture chooses, that
which is adapted to its sensibility, to appropriate and keep it, or
afterwards reject it.
Much has been said since the time of Bordeu, of the peculiar life of
each organ, which is nothing else than that particular character which
distinguishes the combination of the vital properties of one organ,
from those of another. Before these properties had been analyzed with
exactness and precision, it was clearly impossible to form a correct
idea of this peculiar life. From the account I have just given of it,
it is evident that the greatest part of the organs being composed of
very different simple textures, the idea of a peculiar life can only
apply to these simple textures, and not to the organs themselves.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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