General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3) — John Shaqi
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
I would remark, in concluding this article, that I have not sought
to ascertain how the caloric is disengaged in the capillary system,
what portion escapes, in what relation it is with the red and the
black blood, &c.; none of these can be determined by experiment. Let
us be content in our theories with establishing general principles,
especially analogies between functions that are known, and those
which we attempt to explain, let us attempt merely to offer some
general views; but let us never hazard precise explanations. Some have
endeavoured lately to determine accurately what quantity of oxygen
is absorbed, what quantity goes to produce the water of respiration,
what quantity of carbonic acid gas is formed, how much caloric is
disengaged, &c. This precision would be advantageous if it could be
attained; but no phenomenon in the living economy will admit of it, in
the explanations which it occasions. Chemists and natural philosophers
accustomed to study the phenomena over which the physical forces
preside, have carried their spirit of calculation into the theories
they have formed for those which the vital laws govern. But this should
not be so. In organized bodies, the spirit of the theories should
be wholly different from the spirit of the theories applied to the
physical sciences. It is necessary in these last that every phenomenon
should be accurately explained; that, for example, in hydraulics, all
the portions of the fluids should be calculated in their motions; that,
in chemistry, we should know the precise proportion and amount of each
of the elements that are combined in the changes that bodies undergo.
On the contrary, every physiological explanation should give only
general views, approximations; it ought to be vague, if I may use the
term. Every calculation, every examination of the proportions of the
fluids with each other, all precise language should be banished from
it, because we yet know so little of the vital laws, they are subject
to so many variations, that what is true at the moment we study a fact,
ceases to be so the next, and the essence of the phenomena always
escapes us; their general results only, and the comparison of these
results with each other, should occupy us.
ARTICLE SECOND.
PULMONARY CAPILLARY SYSTEM.
I call by this name the assemblage of the fine and delicate
ramifications, which serve for the termination of the black blood and
the origin of the red, which consequently finish the pulmonary artery
and give origin to the pulmonary veins. The capillaries between the
bronchial arteries and veins have nothing to do with them, they have no
communication, and evidently belong to the general capillary system.
I. _Relation of the two Capillary Systems, Pulmonary and General._
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