General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
This double circumstance, 1st, the precocious and proportionably great
development of the lymphatic glands in childhood; 2d, their very great
disposition to diseases, indicates certainly remarkable activity in
their functions; for it supposes a great development of the vital
forces; now these vital forces being more developed ought necessarily
to preside over more energetic functions. See in fact the organs
whose functions we know, which are on the one hand much developed in
childhood, and on the other much disposed to diseases; the functions
of these organs are more active. Thus the brain and nerves being more
developed, have more sensibility; thus the vessels with red blood have
an activity of nutrition, in proportion to their size, &c. In youth,
it is when the genital organs are more developed and they become more
exposed to diseases, that their functions are greater. Examine all
the organs and their functions, you will see that a general law of
the economy is, that these three things, 1st, great development; 2d,
greater disposition to diseases; 3d, greater activity of functions, are
constantly united. Now when these two first exist in the glands of the
absorbents, we ought to conclude that the third is there also, though
we are not certain of it, since, from what I have said, we are ignorant
of the uses of these small organs. Grimaud has considered them, it is
true, as essential to nutrition; he even calls the nutritive system
the combination of these glands and the cellular texture, a gratuitous
supposition, which is not proved. All that we know upon this point, is
that on the one hand nutrition, and the development of these glands on
the other, are very great in the fœtus. But does it follow from this,
that the first phenomenon proceeds from the second? Undoubtedly not;
no more than because the brain, the liver, &c. are early developed in
the fœtus, and nutrition is very active, they should be considered as
the agents of this function. Besides, nutrition is a function that has
no particular organ for its centre and agent. Each organ is itself
the machine which separates from the blood or the fluids that enter
it, the nutritive materials that are suitable for it, and afterwards
appropriate them to itself. The muscle separates its fibrin, the bone
its phosphate of lime, &c. But one common and central organ does not
elaborate these nutritive materials, as one common viscus moves the
blood, as one central organ presides over sensibility, &c.
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