General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
We can understand two things by this expression; 1st, the absorption of
fluids different from those naturally taken by the absorbents, as that
of effused blood, &c. I have already spoken of this absorption; 2d,
that which takes place in the cysts which are developed contrary to the
natural order in the economy. Now this last exhibits a very singular
phenomenon, when compared with preternatural exhalation. It, in fact,
takes place with difficulty; it is rare that you see the fluids
of encysted tumours enter suddenly the circulation by absorption,
either in whole or in part, as this very often happens in the serous
collections of the peritoneum, which, without being cured, have many
alterations of increase and diminution. What physician has not observed
that the urine flows more as the abdomen becomes flat, and that it is
suppressed when it is filled?
Observe on the contrary, that exhalation is renewed with great facility
in encysted tumours; that if we empty them and do not remove their
cysts, they are soon reproduced, as I have said. Is it that the
absorbents are not developed in proportion to the exhalants in these
tumours? I know not; but the fact is not less certain; observation of
diseases proves it every day.
SYSTEMS PECULIAR TO CERTAIN APPARATUS.
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS.
The former part of this work has been devoted to researches upon
the systems common to the structure of all the apparatus, upon
the primitive systems, which form if we may so say the nutritive
parenchyma, the basis of all the organs, since there is hardly any one
of these organs in which the arteries, the veins, the exhalants, the
absorbents, the nerves and the cellular texture do not enter as a more
or less essential part. Each is at first a texture of these common
parts, then of other peculiar parts which particularly characterize
them.
The systems that will now be examined are not so generally extensive in
the animal economy. They belong only to some particular apparatus; thus
the osseous, the animal muscular, cartilaginous, and fibrous systems
are especially destined to the apparatus of locomotion; thus the
serous, mucous, and organic muscular systems enter especially into the
digestive, respiratory and circulatory apparatus; thus the glandular
system forms the apparatus of secretions, thus the cutaneous system
enters principally into the external, sensitive apparatus, &c.
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