General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
wiped dry, it is soon after covered with new serum, which the exhalants
furnish.
_Absorbents._
From the texture of the serous membranes, it is evident that the
lymphatic system enters essentially into their formation, and that
they are probably only a net-work of exhalants and absorbents; for we
have seen that the cellular organ is an assemblage of them. But this
assertion which analogy dictates is also supported by direct proofs.
1st. The fluid of the dropsies of the different cavities varies
in density and colour; now Mascagni has always observed that the
lymphatics in their neighbourhood contained a fluid exactly analogous.
2d. The same author has found in two dead bodies, with a sanguineous
effusion in the thorax, the absorbents of the lungs loaded with blood.
3d. In a man who had become emphysematous after having been poisoned,
these vessels were distended with air. 4th. Coloured fluids injected
into the abdomen or thorax are soon after found, it is said, in the
neighbouring lymphatics, with the same colour. I have often repeated
this experiment; the injected fluid has been soon absorbed, but not
the matter which coloured it; so that this matter, more condensed
after absorption, tinged the serous surface, the lymphatics being as
transparent as usual. It is necessary in general to choose the abdomen
for these experiments, because the absorbents being much exposed on
the liver, can be more easily examined there. This absorbent faculty
is preserved some time after death; but care should be taken, in
order to obtain then the effect more certainly, to keep the animal,
if a warm blooded one, in a bath of nearly its own temperature; I
have had frequent opportunities of being convinced of this truth, and
of observing with Cruickshank, that what Mascagni has said upon the
absorption of dead human bodies, fifteen, thirty, forty-eight hours
even after death, is at least very much exaggerated. 5th. The following
experiment I make every year to demonstrate the absorbents; I macerate
for five or six hours the heart of an ox in water; at the end of this
time, the serous membrane of this organ, which hardly allowed these
vessels to be perceived, appears to be covered with them. 6th. When the
serous membranes are inflamed, the subjacent lymphatics are distended,
like them, by the red globules of blood, &c. &c.
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