General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
These spaces do not terminate in culs-de-sac towards the external
surface; they open upon this surface by many foramina which are very
evident in a skin that has been macerated for a month or two, and
which, in the ordinary state are almost imperceptible in some subjects,
and very visible in others. Besides, in order to see them it is
necessary to remove the epidermis; now as with the view of producing
this effect immediately we commonly employ the action of boiling
water or fire, the dermoid texture by this means acquires the horny
hardening, and they become much less apparent, whereas maceration not
only does not produce horny hardening of the skin, but it expands and
dilates it, which renders these foramina very evident. In some parts of
the skin and in certain subjects, we might then introduce the head of
a pin into them; in others they are less evident. These foramina never
pierce the dermis perpendicularly, all open obliquely to its surface;
so that a perpendicular pressure tends to close them and bring their
parietes in contact. I cannot compare their termination better than
to that of the ureters in the bladder; hence why the hairs which go
through them are never perpendicular, but oblique to the skin. We speak
incorrectly when we say that the hairs are planted obliquely; their
insertion in the bulb is perpendicular; it is in their passage through
the chorion that they change direction.
Besides, these foramina are not vessels, but mere communications
from the interior to the exterior through which pass the hairs, the
exhalants, the absorbents, the blood-vessels and the nerves which
go to the surface of the dermis; thus the subjacent spaces are only
cells in which are contained the vessels of the glands and of the
cellular texture. The dermoid texture should then be considered as a
real net-work, as a kind of cellular texture, the cells of which very
evident within, become less so on the exterior surface, with which all
communicate to transmit to it different organs. The chorion is then
the outline, the frame, if I may so say, of the cutaneous organ. It
serves to lodge in its spaces, all the other parts which enter into the
structure of this organ, and contributes to give them the form they are
to have, but is wholly foreign to them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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