General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
Yet this resistance is much less than when tannin is combined with
the chorion. We know that when thus prepared, this portion of the
skin affords the strongest strings we have in the arts. I know but
two textures in the animal economy, which unite to such an extent
suppleness and resistance; these are this and the fibrous texture; and
this is a new character which approximates them. We have seen that
it requires a very considerable weight to break a tendon, a strip
of aponeurosis, or a ligament taken from a dead body. The muscular,
nervous, arterial, venous, cellular textures, &c. yield infinitely
more easily. If the dermoid texture had less extensibility, it might
advantageously supply the place of the tendons, the ligaments, &c. in
the structure of the body.
Since the chorion is foreign to almost all the sensitive and morbid
phenomena of the skin, let us inquire then in what part of the dermis
these phenomena are seated. These parts exist very evidently on the
external surface; now we find on this surface, 1st, what is called the
reticular body; 2d, the papillæ.
_Of the Reticular Body._
Most authors have considered the reticular body as a kind of layer
applied to the external face of the skin between the chorion and the
epidermis, pierced with an infinite number of openings through which
the papillæ pass. I do not know how we can demonstrate this layer,
which escapes according to the opinion of most of them, when the
epidermis is detached. In order to see it I have employed a great
many means, but no one has succeeded. 1st. Such is the adhesion
of the epidermis to the skin, that in a sound state we can hardly
separate them without injuring one or the other. Yet with the greatest
precaution we see nothing mucous on the chorion when it is laid bare.
2d. A portion of skin cut longitudinally, especially from the foot
where the epidermis is very thick, allows us to see very distinctly on
the divided edge the boundaries of this and of the chorion; now nothing
escapes from about the line which separates them. 3d. In ebullition in
which the epidermis has been removed, nothing remains upon the internal
surface, nor upon the chorion. 4th. Maceration and putrefaction, the
latter especially, produce upon the chorion a kind of glutinous layer
the instant the epidermis is removed. But this layer is entirely the
product of decomposition. Nothing similar is met with in the ordinary
state.
I believe, from all these considerations, that there is not a substance
deposited by the vessels upon the surface of the chorion, extravasated,
stagnant upon this surface, and representing there a layer in the sense
in which Malpighi understood it. I believe that we ought to understand
by the reticular body, a net-work of extremely fine vessels, whose
trunks already very delicate, after having passed through the numerous
pores with which the chorion is perforated, come and ramify upon its
surface, and contain different kinds of fluids.
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